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  4. PDCD1 Recombinant Monoclonal Antibody

PDCD1 Recombinant Monoclonal Antibody

  • 货号：
    CSB-RA240597A0HU
  • 规格：
    ￥1320
  • 图片：
    • Western Blot
      Positive WB detected in: MCF-7 whole cell lysate
      All lanes: PD1 antibody at 1:2000
      Secondary
      Goat polyclonal to rabbit IgG at 1/50000 dilution
      Predicted band size: 32 KDa
      Observed band size: 32 kDa
    • IHC image of CSB-RA240597A0HU diluted at 1:100 and staining in paraffin-embedded human tonsil tissue performed on a Leica BondTM system. After dewaxing and hydration, antigen retrieval was mediated by high pressure in a citrate buffer (pH 6.0). Section was blocked with 10% normal goat serum 30min at RT. Then primary antibody (1% BSA) was incubated at 4℃ overnight. The primary is detected by a Goat anti-rabbit IgG polymer labeled by HRP and visualized using 0.05% DAB.
  • 其他：

产品详情

  • 产品描述：

    PDCD1, also known as PD1, is an inhibitory receptor expressed by all T cells during activation. During numerous physiological reactions, including as acute and chronic infection, cancer and autoimmunity, and immunological homeostasis, it modulates T cell effector functions. PDL1 interacts with PD1, limiting cytokine production and triggering apoptosis in PD1 positive cells. Within the tumor microenvironment, the PD1-PDL1 pathway regulates the establishment and maintenance of immune tolerance. In cancer, PD1 and its ligands PDL1 and PDL2 are responsible for T cell activation, proliferation, and cytotoxic secretion, all of which contribute to the degeneration of anti-tumor immune responses.

    Mammalian cells are transfected with plasma vectors containing PDCD1 antibody genes, allowing for both recombinant PDCD1 antibody expression and secretion to the medium. Collecting the cell supernatant and purifying to obtain the recombinant PDCD1 antibody by Affinity-chromatography. This recombinant PDCD1 antibody has been validated to detect the PDCD1 protein of Human in the ELISA, WB, IHC.

  • Uniprot No.：
    Q15116
  • 基因名：
  • 别名：
    Programmed cell death protein 1 (Protein PD-1) (hPD-1) (CD antigen CD279), PDCD1, PD1
  • 反应种属：
    Human
  • 免疫原：
    A synthesized peptide derived from human PD1
  • 免疫原种属：
    Homo sapiens (Human)
  • 标记方式：
    Non-conjugated
  • 克隆类型：
    Monoclonal
  • 抗体亚型：
    Rabbit IgG
  • 纯化方式：
    Affinity-chromatography
  • 克隆号：
    8E9
  • 浓度：
    It differs from different batches. Please contact us to confirm it.
  • 保存缓冲液：
    Rabbit IgG in phosphate buffered saline, pH 7.4, 150mM NaCl, 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol.
  • 产品提供形式：
    Liquid
  • 应用范围：
    ELISA, WB, IHC
  • 推荐稀释比：
    Application Recommended Dilution
    WB 1:500-1:5000
    IHC 1:50-1:200
  • Protocols：
  • 储存条件：
    Upon receipt, store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze.
  • 货期：
    Basically, we can dispatch the products out in 1-3 working days after receiving your orders. Delivery time maybe differs from different purchasing way or location, please kindly consult your local distributors for specific delivery time.

产品评价

靶点详情

  • 功能：
    Inhibitory receptor on antigen activated T-cells that plays a critical role in induction and maintenance of immune tolerance to self. Delivers inhibitory signals upon binding to ligands CD274/PDCD1L1 and CD273/PDCD1LG2. Following T-cell receptor (TCR) engagement, PDCD1 associates with CD3-TCR in the immunological synapse and directly inhibits T-cell activation. Suppresses T-cell activation through the recruitment of PTPN11/SHP-2: following ligand-binding, PDCD1 is phosphorylated within the ITSM motif, leading to the recruitment of the protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPN11/SHP-2 that mediates dephosphorylation of key TCR proximal signaling molecules, such as ZAP70, PRKCQ/PKCtheta and CD247/CD3zeta.; The PDCD1-mediated inhibitory pathway is exploited by tumors to attenuate anti-tumor immunity and escape destruction by the immune system, thereby facilitating tumor survival. The interaction with CD274/PDCD1L1 inhibits cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) effector function. The blockage of the PDCD1-mediated pathway results in the reversal of the exhausted T-cell phenotype and the normalization of the anti-tumor response, providing a rationale for cancer immunotherapy.
  • 基因功能参考文献：
    1. HLA-G, NRP1, and PD-1, may be involved in the immune response in psoriatic patients PMID: 29790686
    2. Proportions of naive CD4+ T cells were lower in young patients than in age-matched controls, and actually comparable to those in old patients and controls. This was accompanied with increased percentages of memory CD4+ T cells expressing HLA-DR, Ki-67, and PD-1 in young melanoma patients in comparison to the age-matched controls, but not in old patients. PMID: 29546435
    3. This meta-analysis demonstrates the PD-1 rs36084323 A > G polymorphism is associated with decreased cancer risk in Asian PMID: 30249505
    4. there is no significant association between PD1.3G/A - rs11568821 polymorphism and systemic lupus erythematosus or rheumatoid arthritis susceptibility in Southern Brazilian population. PMID: 27914594
    5. SLC18A1 might complement other biomarkers currently under study in relation to programmed cell death protein 1/programmed cell death protein ligand 1 inhibition PMID: 30194079
    6. Structural and functional analyses unexpectedly reveal an N-terminal loop outside the IgV domain of PD-1. This loop is not involved in recognition of PD-L1 but dominates binding to nivolumab, whereas N-glycosylation is not involved in binding at all. PMID: 28165004
    7. This finding suggested the potential application of PD-1 blockade in AML. The present work demonstrated an excellent synergistic tumour therapeutic effect of PD-1 blockade and CTL therapy compared with either treatment alone. PMID: 29962321
    8. High PD-1 expression is associated with Mycobacterium avium complex-induced lung disease. PMID: 28169347
    9. PD-1/PD-L1 expression is a frequent occurrence in poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas of the digestive system. PMID: 29037958
    10. Results indicated that high-level PD1 expression may be an important factor associated with the immune checkpoint pathway in liver cancer. PMID: 29620156
    11. These results suggest that the PD-1 genotype of the donor plays an important role for the development of acute GvHD after alloHSCT from HLA-identical sibling donors. PMID: 30019128
    12. We conclude that a subgroup of advanced disease ovarian cancer patients with high grade tumors, expressing PD-L1, may be prime candidates for immunotherapy targeting PD-1 signaling PMID: 29843813
    13. Both rs2227982 and rs2227981 polymorphisms were associated with T1 Diabetes (T1D) risk in East Asians, and rs2227982 also had a significant association with glycemic traits, which suggested PDCD1 gene polymorphisms might participate in facilitating T1D risk. [meta-analysis] PMID: 29774466
    14. PD.1 (-538G/A) gene polymorphism is associated with Colon Cancer Risk. PMID: 29580042
    15. The high-affinity PD-1 mutant could compete with the binding of antibodies specific to PD-L1 or PD-L2 on cancer cells. PMID: 29890018
    16. The G allele of rs36084323 of PDCD1 is associated with increased risk of advanced TNM staging of colorectal cancer. PMID: 29652996
    17. promoter methylation of CTLA4, PD-L1, PD-L2, and PD-1 in diffuse lower-grade gliomas (LGG) harboring isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation, is reported. PMID: 29396294
    18. Unlike other multiple autoimmune disease associated genetic variants, there was no association between PDCD1 variants and Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis PMID: 28056736
    19. Alteration of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway can modulate Treg/Th17 balance in asthmatic children. PMID: 29874664
    20. The expression of PD1 on T cells was elevated in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and was correlated with the disease activity. PMID: 29257239
    21. High expression of programmed death-1 in sentinel lymph nodes is associated with breast cancer. PMID: 29193094
    22. We describe three cases of patients with mRCC treated with anti-PD-1 antibody therapy in combination with targeted therapy (bevacizumab), anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 therapy (ipilimumab), or radiotherapy. PMID: 29146617
    23. anti-CTLA4/anti-PD-1/PD-L1 combinations versus anti-PD-1/PD-L1 monotherapy was selected as a factor independent of TMB for predicting better RR (77% vs. 21%; P = 0.004) and PFS (P = 0.024). Higher TMB predicts favorable outcome to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade across diverse tumors. PMID: 28835386
    24. The altered soluble (s)PD1 and sICOS serum levels in the different Hepatitis b (HBV) groups may reflect the dysregulation of T cell activation, and may be associated with the HBV pathological process. PMID: 28983583
    25. We found that PD-L1 expression was upregulated following TGF-beta induction; in contrast, it was downregulated by TGF-beta receptor-kinase inhibitors and the MET process. Furthermore, chemo-treatment increased TGF-beta expression and enhances PD-L1 expression via autocrine TGF-beta induced EMT. Analysis of clinical samples revealed a significant relationship between PD-L1 expression and EMT status PMID: 28849209
    26. this study demonstrated that PD-1 may involve in lymph nodes metastasis and promote the understanding of the mechanism of immunotherapies in the non-small cell lung cancer PMID: 28799818
    27. PD-L1 expression in melanoma tumor cells is lower than NSCLC or renal cell carcinoma cells. The higher response rate in melanoma patients treated with PD-1 inhibitors is likely related to PD-L1 in tumor-associated inflammatory cells. Further studies are warranted to validate the predictive role of inflammatory cell PD-L1 expression in melanoma and determine its biological significance PMID: 28223273
    28. Higher PRE PD-1(+) T cells in responders suggest active suppression of an engaged immune system that is disinhibited by anti-PD-1 therapies. Furthermore, immunoprofiling of EDT biopsies for increased PD-L1 expression and immune cell infiltration showed greater predictive utility than PRE biopsies and may allow better selection of patients most likely to benefit from anti-PD-1 therapies and warrants further evaluation PMID: 28512174
    29. PD-1 was overexpressed on CD8+ T-cells from patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnoea in a severity-dependent manner. PMID: 29051270
    30. The results show that the distinctive pathological features of papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs), including tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), background chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis (CLT), female gender, psammoma bodies, and stromal calcification, are useful parameters for predicting PD-L1 or PD-1 expression. PMID: 28974264
    31. Our results did not show any association between PDCD1 SNPs and the development of juvenile idiopathic arthritis in an Iranian population PMID: 29307156
    32. High expressions of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) were associated with poor prognosis after surgery. PMID: 29848685
    33. Programmed death-1 polymorphism is associated with risk of esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma. PMID: 28487496
    34. PD-1 was expressed in 26% of Ewing's sarcoma family of tumor cells and may have prognostic and therapeutic implications PMID: 29445891
    35. We now show that patients with low PD-L1 expression on myeloid cells have improved survival when treated with an antitumor vaccine, suggesting that PD-L1 expression on myeloid cells may be an important predictive biomarker in future clinical trials. Additionally, the combination of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibition and vaccination may increase the efficacy of this immunotherapeutic approach. PMID: 28193626
    36. Lower expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 was associated with better survival in patients who underwent surgery for the primary tumor and had multiple brain metastases PMID: 28201746
    37. PD-1/PD-L pathway inhibits Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific CD4(+) T-cell functions and phagocytosis of macrophages in active tuberculosis. PMID: 27924827
    38. This study builds optimism that harmonization between assays may be possible, and that the three assays studied could potentially be used interchangeably to identify patients most likely to respond to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapies, provided the appropriate clinically defined algorithm and agent are always linked. PMID: 28073845
    39. Results identified an overall low expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 in high-risk prostate cancer tissue. PMID: 28461179
    40. The biopsy tumor key protein measurements demonstrate substantial between-tumor variation in expression ratios of these proteins and suggest that programmed cell death 1 ligand 2 PD-L2 is present in some tumors at levels sufficient to contribute to programmed cell death-1 PD-1-dependent T-cell regulation and possibly to affect responses to PD-1- and programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 PD-L1-blocking drugs. PMID: 28546465
    41. Early phase clinical trials using PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitors alone or in combination have shown objective tumor responses and durable long-term disease control, in heavily pre-treated patients, notably in the TN subtype. Blockade of PD-1 or PD-L1 shows impressive antitumor activity in some subsets of breast cancer patients PMID: 28799073
    42. Differential expression of immunological markers relating to the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in blood can be used as potential diagnostic and prognostic markers in ovarian cancers. These data have implications for the development and trial of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy in ovarian cancer. PMID: 27986748
    43. LAG-3+ iTILs are enriched in estrogen receptor-negative breast cancers and represent an independent favorable prognostic factor. In addition, a high proportion of PD-1/PD-L1+ tumors are co-infiltrated with LAG-3+ TILs. PMID: 29045526
    44. An IDO1 inhibitor, epacadostat also demonstrated promising activity in combination with the PD-1 checkpoint inhibitors in other solid tumors, including melanoma, urothelial carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, and non-small cell lung cancer PMID: 28760910
    45. PD-L1 was positive in tumor cells in 2/13 cases, weak positive in 7/13, and negative in 4/13 cases, respectively PMID: 28807336
    46. we report the first case of immune microenvironment profiling and response to anti-PD-1 in a patient with Renal medullary carcinoma to our knowledge. This case suggests that anti-PD-1 based therapies may have clinical activity in Renal medullary carcinoma PMID: 28105368
    47. We present two cases of metastatic melanoma treated with nivolumab and pembrolizumab (anti PD-1). Both patients developed acute interstitial nephritis during immune checkpoint therapy PMID: 28105370
    48. the positive rate of PD-L2 did not show any differences between primary tumors and metastatic lymph nodes. In multivariate analysis, PD-L1 expression, PD-L2 expression, a low density of CD8(+) T cells in primary tumors, and PD-1 expression on CD8(+) T cells in primary tumors were associated with poor prognosis. PMID: 28754154
    49. Relative to controls, the expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 on peripheral blood and tumor infiltrating T cells increased with disease progression. Upregulation of expression promotes t-cells apoptosis in gastric adenocarcinoma. PMID: 29599324
    50. These data support the combinatorial approach of in situ suppression of the PD-L inhibitory checkpoints with DC-mediated IL15 transpresentation to promote antigen-specific T-cell responses and, ultimately, contribute to graft-versus-tumor immunity PMID: 28637876

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  • 相关疾病：
    Systemic lupus erythematosus 2 (SLEB2)
  • 亚细胞定位：
    Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein.
  • 数据库链接：

    HGNC: 8760

    OMIM: 109100

    KEGG: hsa:5133

    STRING: 9606.ENSP00000335062

    UniGene: Hs.158297