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  4. Human soluble cluster of differentiation 28,sCD28 ELISA Kit

Human soluble cluster of differentiation 28,sCD28 ELISA Kit

  • 中文名称：
    人可溶性CD28(sCD28)酶联免疫试剂盒
  • 货号：
    CSB-E09296h
  • 规格：
    96T/48T
  • 价格：
    ￥3200/￥2500
  • 其他：

产品详情

  • 产品描述：

    This Human CD28 ELISA Kit was designed for the quantitative measurement of Human CD28 protein in serum, plasma, tissue homogenates. It is a Sandwich ELISA kit, its detection range is 0.625 ng/mL-40 ng/mL and the sensitivity is 0.156 ng/mL.

  • 别名：
    CD28; T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein CD28; TP44; CD antigen CD28
  • 缩写：
  • Uniprot No.：
  • 种属：
    Homo sapiens (Human)
  • 样本类型：
    serum, plasma, tissue homogenates
  • 检测范围：
    0.625 ng/mL-40 ng/mL
  • 灵敏度：
    0.156 ng/mL
  • 反应时间：
    1-5h
  • 样本体积：
    50-100ul
  • 检测波长：
    450 nm
  • 研究领域：
    Immunology
  • 测定原理：
    quantitative
  • 测定方法：
    Sandwich
  • 精密度：
    Intra-assay Precision (Precision within an assay): CV%<8%
    Three samples of known concentration were tested twenty times on one plate to assess.
    Inter-assay Precision (Precision between assays):CV%<10%
    Three samples of known concentration were tested in twenty assays to assess.
  • 线性度：
    To assess the linearity of the assay, samples were spiked with high concentrations of human sCD28 in various matrices and diluted with the Sample Diluent to produce samples with values within the dynamic range of the assay.
    　 Sample Serum(n=4)
    1:1 Average % 96
    Range % 93-99
    1:2 Average % 85
    Range % 81-89
    1:4 Average % 94
    Range % 90-98
    1:8 Average % 107
    Range % 103-110
  • 回收率：
    The recovery of human sCD28 spiked to levels throughout the range of the assay in various matrices was evaluated. Samples were diluted prior to assay as directed in the Sample Preparation section.
    Sample Type Average % Recovery Range
    Serum (n=5) 89 85-93
    EDTA plasma (n=4) 102 98-106
  • 标准曲线：
    These standard curves are provided for demonstration only. A standard curve should be generated for each set of samples assayed.
    ng/ml OD1 OD2 Average Corrected
    40 2.260 2.302 2.281 2.158
    20 1.743 1.702 1.723 1.600
    10 1.227 1.304 1.266 1.143
    5 0.851 0.832 0.842 0.719
    2.5 0.504 0.498 0.501 0.378
    1.25 0.311 0.301 0.306 0.183
    0.625 0.206 0.200 0.203 0.080
    0 0.121 0.124 0.123 　
  • 数据处理：
  • 货期：
    3-5 working days

产品评价

靶点详情

  • 功能：
    Involved in T-cell activation, the induction of cell proliferation and cytokine production and promotion of T-cell survival. Enhances the production of IL4 and IL10 in T-cells in conjunction with TCR/CD3 ligation and CD40L costimulation. Isoform 3 enhances CD40L-mediated activation of NF-kappa-B and kinases MAPK8 and PAK2 in T-cells.
  • 基因功能参考文献：
    1. The results of this study indicated that the CD28 rs3116496 polymorphism might impact the risk of schizophrenia, especially deficit schizophrenia. PMID: 28673752
    2. CD28 may be a tumor suppressor gene and rs3116496 polymorphism of CD28 gene showed positively correlation with the increased risk of breast cancer. PMID: 29089469
    3. percentage of CD4(+) CD28(null) T-cells was significantly higher in type 1 diabetes patients with and without microvascular complications compared with controls PMID: 28102614
    4. Suggest that genetic polymorphisms of CD28 function as sex-dependent risk factors for development of acute rejection in an Iranian kidney transplant population. PMID: 28031007
    5. the expression of CD28 was lower in both Sjogren's syndrome and systemic sclerosis patients PMID: 27878564
    6. The fraction of CD4(+)CD28(null) cells proved to be predictive on outcome in congestive heart failure-patients presenting with atrial fibrillation. PMID: 27904907
    7. In this study we systematically evaluated a series of CAR constructs targeting glypican-3 (GPC3), which is selectively expressed on several solid tumors. We compared GPC3-specific CARs that encoded CD3zeta (Gz) alone or with costimulatory domains derived from CD28 (G28z), 4-1BB (GBBz), or CD28 and 4-1BB (G28BBz). PMID: 27530312
    8. These preliminary results suggest that patients undergoing liver or kidney transplant can be stratified at high risk of EAR according to their CD28 molecule expression on peripheral CD4(+) T lymphocytes. PMID: 28392336
    9. The rs3116496 (T>C), rs3181098 (G>A) and rs3181100 (G>C) of CD28 were, respectively, found to be correlated with incremental susceptibility to recurrent spontaneous abortion under the allelic model. PMID: 29069644
    10. Coexpression of CD200R-CD28 enhances function in WT1-specific T-cell receptor - transduced human primary T cells. PMID: 29042364
    11. the upregulation of others syncytial molecules, including LAG3, CTLA4, CD28 and CD3, assisting the formation of syncytia with APC cells. PMID: 27108398
    12. our data provide the first evidence of a strict link between the absence of CD28 and the expression of perforin, which is likewise enhanced by the expression of NKG2D, within selected CD4(+) T cells from cervical cancer patients. PMID: 28087292
    13. Mutation of the basic clusters in the CD28 cytoplasmic domain reduced the recruitment to the CD28-Lck complex of protein kinase Ctheta; (PKCtheta;), which serves as a key effector kinase in the CD28 signaling pathway. PMID: 27460989
    14. The mutant CD28 isoforms could accelerate tumor cell growth. PMID: 28711152
    15. identified recurrent mutations in CD28 in peripheral T-cell lymphomas. Molecular modeling studies on each of these mutations suggested how these mutants result in increased affinities. PMID: 26719098
    16. the scaffolding role of RLTPR predominates during CD28 co-stimulation and underpins the similar function of RLTPR in human and mouse T cells. PMID: 27647348
    17. Our data show that mast cells can costimulate human CD4(+) T cells to induce strong T-cell proliferation, but that therapies aiming at disrupting the interaction of CD28 and B7 molecules do not inhibit mast cell mediated T-cell activation. PMID: 26860071
    18. High CD28 Circulating Levels are associated with Breast Cancer. PMID: 27381613
    19. The CTLA4-CD28 gene fusion is likely a major contributor to the pathogenesis of T-cell lymphomas and represents a potential target for anti-CTLA4 cancer immunotherapy. PMID: 26819049
    20. Following phosphorylation of the tyrosine, the proteins growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 (Grb2), Grb2-related adaptor downstream of Shc (Gads), and p85 subunit of phosphoinositide 3-kinase may bind to pYMNM (where pY is phosphotyrosine) via their Src homology 2 (SH2) domains, leading to downstream signaling to distinct immune pathways. These three adaptor proteins bind to the same site on CD28 with variable affinity PMID: 27927989
    21. CD28 family receptors are potential clinical indicators for the rapid monitoring of changes in T cell function during CHB treatment. PMID: 27314219
    22. The eQTL mapping analysis revealed that the variations in CD28 and NFKB1 gene content might affect the abundance of transcripts of CD28 and Family with sequence similarity 177 member A1 (FAM177A1) genes, respectively. These results suggest that CD28 and NFKB1 gene variants may be associated with increased risks to IRM. PMID: 27488439
    23. this study shows that CD28 contributes to rheumatoid arthritis susceptibility in Egyptian PMID: 27125674
    24. A highly recurrent novel missense mutation in CD28 among angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma patients. PMID: 26405154
    25. These findings indicate that the associations of the CTLA-4 and CD28 polymorphisms with the risk of renal cancer are worth further study in a larger group of patients. PMID: 26403483
    26. expansion of highly differentiated CD28null T cells is associated with a lower risk for early acute rejection after kidney transplantation PMID: 26950734
    27. In patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome, the CD4 + CD28null T cell percentage was higher in patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome versus those with STEMI. PMID: 26375412
    28. in complex with T cell receptor, promotes glycolysis PMID: 26885860
    29. Data show that CD28 antigen costimulation modulates CD46 antigen surface expression on activated T cells. PMID: 25787182
    30. study also uncovered a previously unappreciated role for Vav1 in crosstalk between the CD28 and TCR signaling pathways PMID: 26043137
    31. Among CD8+ T-lymphocytes, CD28+CD57+ cells represent a subset with some senescent features that are distinct from the CD28-CD57+ cells. PMID: 26277688
    32. The CD28 gene polymorphisms may not only act in immune deregulation observed in schizophrenia, but may also influence the course of the illness by modifying the susceptibility to the co-occurrence of psychotic and affective symptoms PMID: 25998553
    33. CD28 polymorphism, rs3116496, contributes to cancer susceptibility in the case of multiple cancers. PMID: 25534869
    34. The functional decline of invariant natural killer T cells was closely related to the decrease in CD28 expression and the increases of Tim-3 and PD-1. PMID: 26215444
    35. Results showed lower and higher serum levels of CTLA4 and CD28 detected respectively in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC)and found an association of the CTLA4 -318C/T polymorphism in CRC patients. PMID: 26408701
    36. analysis of signaling pathways activated by CD28 during direct cell-cell contact by global analysis of protein phosphorylation PMID: 25829543
    37. Immature dendritic cells convert anergic nonregulatory T cells into Foxp3- IL-10+ regulatory T cells by engaging CD28 and CTLA-4. PMID: 25382658
    38. our data provide evidence that Vav1 is the linker molecule that couples CD28 to PIP5Kalpha activation and strongly fit with a potential model in which CD28 regulates PIP2 synthesis and turnover in T lymphocytes. PMID: 25539813
    39. Thus, aberrant CD28 expression on circulating CD8+ T cells and the CD8+CD28+/CD8+CD28- T cells ratio reflect the dysregulation of T cell activation and are related to the pathogenesis of chronic HBV infection. PMID: 25013781
    40. Five functional polymorphisms of B7/CD28 co-signaling molecules alter susceptibility to colorectal cancer. PMID: 25497975
    41. Studies suggest that CD28 T > C polymorphism (rs3116496) may have an increased risk of cancer in Asians. PMID: 24927673
    42. These results suggest that HVEM might play more important roles than CD28 in ConA-mediated T cell proliferation PMID: 24163161
    43. Results indicate that the CC genotype and C allele of PD.1.9 and TT genotype and the T allele of CD28 are genetic risk factors for development of a severe grade of GVHD. PMID: 24564845
    44. these data identify CD28 as a novel receptor molecule that may contribute to amplify the inflammatory response in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis by favoring pro-inflammatory cytokine production and Th17 amplification PMID: 24412596
    45. The results of our study suggest an association between IVS3 +17T/C polymorphism in the CD28 gene and acute kidney allograft rejection. PMID: 24368148
    46. Increased circulating level of HSP60 and HSP70 might play a role in initiation and/or progression of atherosclerosis in CKD subjects through perturbation of CD4(+)CD28(null) cells. PMID: 24347824
    47. Loss of CD28 expression by liver-infiltrating T cells contributes to pathogenesis of primary sclerosing cholangitis. PMID: 24726754
    48. Investigation of organ sites, molecules, and cell subsets provides involvement in the priming of CD28 transgene-specific CD8 T cells following vaccination with a replication-deficient adenoviral vector. PMID: 24951814
    49. this study identified two crucial immune-related molecules-CD28 and NFATc1, as putative targets of miR-145 in human and experimental myasthenia gravis PMID: 24043548
    50. CD28 is an important mediator of Multiple myeloma survival during stress and can be targeted to overcome chemotherapy resistance. PMID: 24782505

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  • 亚细胞定位：
    Membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein.; [Isoform 3]: Cell surface.
  • 组织特异性：
    Expressed in T-cells and plasma cells, but not in less mature B-cells.
  • 数据库链接：

    HGNC: 1653

    OMIM: 186760

    KEGG: hsa:940

    STRING: 9606.ENSP00000324890

    UniGene: Hs.443123