Mouse granzyme A (GZMA) ELISA Kit

Abundant protease in the cytosolic granules of cytotoxic T-cells and NK-cells which activates caspase-independent pyroptosis when delivered into the target cell through the immunological synapse. It cleaves after Lys or Arg. Cleaves APEX1 after 'Lys-31' and destroys its oxidative repair activity. Cleaves the nucleosome assembly protein SET after 'Lys-189', which disrupts its nucleosome assembly activity and allows the SET complex to translocate into the nucleus to nick and degrade the DNA.

1. GzmA and gzmB were predominantly expressed by natural killer cells, and during abdominal sepsis, the percentage of these cells expressing gzms in peritoneal lavage fluid decreased, while the amount of expression in the gzm(+) cells increased PMID: 28694562
2. a novel endogenous trigger for autoimmune diabetes and an in vivo role for granzyme A in maintaining immune tolerance. PMID: 28733313
3. this study shows that gzmA and gzmB partly regulate local inflammation during early pneumonia but eventually play an insignificant role during pneumosepsis by the common human pathogen Klebsiella pneumoniae PMID: 26894590
4. Granzyme A does not have a crucial role in vivo in the protective response to tuberculosis. PMID: 27055232
5. Data indicate N-terminomics on the human and mouse granzymes A and K by combined fractional diagonal chromatography (COFRADIC). PMID: 25383893
6. The results, in susceptible B6 mice for GzmB and in resistant 129/Sv mice for GzmA and/or the GzmB cluster, point to granzyme-mediated host defense regulation in the liver in experimental visceral leishmaniasis. PMID: 25452549
7. Estrogen increases the extracellular expression and interleukin (IL)-12-induced activity of a critical member of serine protease family granzyme A. PMID: 24840346
8. functional divergence between human and mouse granzyme A PMID: 24505135
9. We have demonstrated that cell death can be induced when mGzmA is delivered by primary natural killer cells via authentic Cytotoxic lymphocyte/target cell interactions. PMID: 23744295
10. Regulated secretion of granzyme A and cytotoxic killing was enhanced and correlated with increased vesicle-associated membrane protein 7 availability. PMID: 23084031
11. GzmA deficiency in filarial infection is linked with reduced inflammation and a trend toward increased alternatively activated macrophages. PMID: 21248253
12. granzyme A- and B-cluster deficiency delays the acute progression of pneumovirus disease by reducing alveolar injury. PMID: 20018616
13. the genes for perforin, the three major T cell granzymes (A-C) and IFN-gamma are differentially expressed during primary activation of naive CD8(+) T cells, kinetically and at the single-cell level PMID: 12039912
14. granzyme A and granzyme B have a similar potential to induce rapid perf-mediated apoptosis but that their individual contribution to the underlying intracellular process is dictated by the quality of the target cell PMID: 12115618
15. NK cell mediated tumor control is dependent on granzymes. PMID: 12355441
16. some cytolytic T lymphocytes mature into perforin/granzyme-expressing effector cells in the mediastinal lymph node and are detectable when they accumulate in lung infection PMID: 12601154
17. In all tumor models examined thus far, granzyme A is not necessary for tumor rejection mediated by the perforin pathway in vivo. PMID: 12847210
18. gzmA and gzmB induce multiple independent cell death pathways; all gzm-induced apoptotic features analyzed depend critically on perf. PMID: 15534000
19. polymorphonuclear leukocytes from mice and humans lack the 3 cytotoxic effector molecules, gzmA, granzyme B, and perforin, generally associated with natural killer and cytotoxic T lymphocytes PMID: 15998831
20. IL-2 increased the expression of perforin and granzyme A, B, and C mRNA; induction of granzyme A, B, and C mRNA required exogenous IL-2, whereas induction of perforin and IFN-gamma expression did not. PMID: 16339537
21. CTLs from granzyme AB(-/-) mice induce target cell death by a unique mechanism that is distinct from both perforin lysis and apoptosis. PMID: 16606695
22. Mouse granzyme B is 30 times less cytotoxic than human granzyme B and does not require Bid for killing but regains cytotoxicity on engineering of its active site cleft. Mouse granzyme A is considerably more cytotoxic than human granzyme A. PMID: 17116752
23. Skin-, but not lung-associated primary mast cells as well as in vitro-differentiated bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMC) express granzyme (gzm) B, but not gzmA or perforin (perf). PMID: 17599099
24. GzmA accesses the mitochondrial matrix to cleave the complex I protein NDUFS3, an iron-sulfur subunit of the NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase complex I. PMID: 18485875
25. grzK plays an important role in CD8(+) T-cell cytotoxicity both in the presence and absence of grzA and B. PMID: 18788942
26. the granule secretory pathway plays an unexpected role in inflammation, with GzmA acting as an endogenous modulator. PMID: 18951048
27. Neither gzmA nor gzmB is required for rapid and efficient in vivo cytotoxicity by cytotoxic T (Tc) cells. PMID: 19525394

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Secreted. Cytoplasmic granule.

Peptidase S1 family, Granzyme subfamily

Found in cytotoxic lymphocytes and in normal lymphoid tissues such as thymus and spleen.; [Isoform HF1]: More abundant in lymphoid tissues than isoform HF2.

KEGG: mmu:14938

STRING: 10090.ENSMUSP00000023897

UniGene: Mm.15510