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  4. TSPO Recombinant Monoclonal Antibody

TSPO Recombinant Monoclonal Antibody

  • 货号：
    CSB-RA025168A0HU
  • 规格：
    ￥1320
  • 图片：
    • Western Blot
      Positive WB detected in: Hela whole cell lysate, MCF-7 whole cell lysate, HepG2 whole cell lysate, A549 whole cell lysate, Mouse kidney tissue
      All lanes: PBR antibody at 1.2μg/ml
      Secondary
      Goat polyclonal to rabbit IgG at 1/50000 dilution
      Predicted band size: 19, 11 KDa
      Observed band size: 19 KDa
    • IHC image of CSB-RA025168A0HU diluted at 1:117 and staining in paraffin-embedded human pancreatic cancer performed on a Leica BondTM system. After dewaxing and hydration, antigen retrieval was mediated by high pressure in a citrate buffer (pH 6.0). Section was blocked with 10% normal goat serum 30min at RT. Then primary antibody (1% BSA) was incubated at 4℃ overnight. The primary is detected by a biotinylated secondary antibody and visualized using an HRP conjugated SP system.
    • IHC image of CSB-RA025168A0HU diluted at 1:117 and staining in paraffin-embedded human colon cancer performed on a Leica BondTM system. After dewaxing and hydration, antigen retrieval was mediated by high pressure in a citrate buffer (pH 6.0). Section was blocked with 10% normal goat serum 30min at RT. Then primary antibody (1% BSA) was incubated at 4℃ overnight. The primary is detected by a biotinylated secondary antibody and visualized using an HRP conjugated SP system.
    • Immunofluorescence staining of PC3 cells with CSB-RA025168A0HU at 1:39, counter-stained with DAPI. The cells were fixed in 4% formaldehyde, permeabilized using 0.2% Triton X-100 and blocked in 10% normal Goat Serum. The cells were then incubated with the antibody overnight at 4℃. The secondary antibody was Alexa Fluor 488-congugated AffiniPure Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L).
    • Immunoprecipitating PTGS2 in Hela whole cell lysate
      Lane 1: Rabbit control IgG instead of CSB-RA025168A0HU in Hela whole cell lysate. For western blotting, a HRP-conjugated Protein G antibody was used as the secondary antibody (1/2000)
      Lane 2: CSB-RA025168A0HU (3μg) + Hela whole cell lysate (500μg)
      Lane 3: Hela whole cell lysate (20μg)
    • Overlay histogram showing HepG2 cells stained with CSB-RA025168A0HU (red line) at 1:50. The cells were fixed with 70% Ethylalcohol (18h) and then permeabilized with 0.3% Triton X-100 for 2 min. The cells were then incubated in 1x PBS /10% normal goat serum to block non-specific protein-protein interactions followed by primary antibody for 1 h at 4℃. The secondary antibody used was FITC goat anti-rabbit IgG (H+L) at 1/200 dilution for 1 h at 4℃. Control antibody (green line) was used under the same conditions. Acquisition of >10,000 events was performed.

  • 其他：

产品详情

  • 产品描述：

    CUSABIO clones the DNA sequence encoding human TSPO protein into the expression vector and then transfects the clones into the cell line for in vitro production to get the TSPO recombinant monoclonal antibody. This TSPO antibody has undergone Affinity-chromatography purification. It can react with the TSPO protein from human and mouse species and has been validated in ELISA, WB, IHC, IF, FC, and IP applications.

    TSPO is abundantly expressed throughout the body including the central nervous system (CNS). TSPO is upregulated in states of inflammation and brain injury due to microglia activation. Due to its location in the outer mitochondrial membrane, TSPO has been involved in multiple biological processes, including the regulation of proliferation, apoptosis, migration, as well as mitochondrial functions. TSPO is frequently overexpressed in glioblastoma (GBM). Its expression level has been positively correlated to WHO grade, glioma cell proliferation, and poor prognosis of patients.

  • Uniprot No.：
    P30536
  • 基因名：
  • 别名：
    TSPO; BZRP; MBR; Translocator protein; Mitochondrial benzodiazepine receptor; PKBS; Peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor; PBR
  • 反应种属：
    Human, Mouse
  • 免疫原：
    A synthesized peptide derived from human TSPO
  • 免疫原种属：
    Homo sapiens (Human)
  • 标记方式：
    Non-conjugated
  • 克隆类型：
    Monoclonal
  • 抗体亚型：
    Rabbit IgG
  • 纯化方式：
    Affinity-chromatography
  • 克隆号：
    23G2
  • 浓度：
    It differs from different batches. Please contact us to confirm it.
  • 保存缓冲液：
    Rabbit IgG in phosphate buffered saline , pH 7.4, 150mM NaCl, 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol.
  • 产品提供形式：
    Liquid
  • 应用范围：
    ELISA, WB, IHC, IF, FC, IP
  • 推荐稀释比：
    Application Recommended Dilution
    WB 1:500-1:5000
    IHC 1:50-1:200
    IF 1:20-1:200
    IP 1:200-1:1000
  • Protocols：
  • 储存条件：
    Upon receipt, store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze.
  • 货期：
    Basically, we can dispatch the products out in 1-3 working days after receiving your orders. Delivery time maybe differs from different purchasing way or location, please kindly consult your local distributors for specific delivery time.

产品评价

靶点详情

  • 功能：
    Can bind protoporphyrin IX and may play a role in the transport of porphyrins and heme. Promotes the transport of cholesterol across mitochondrial membranes and may play a role in lipid metabolism, but its precise physiological role is controversial. It is apparently not required for steroid hormone biosynthesis. Was initially identified as peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor; can also bind isoquinoline carboxamides.
  • 基因功能参考文献：
    1. An increase in the expression levels of Tspo mRNA is not necessarily a good diagnostic biomarker in most cancers with changes not being large enough to be significantly different when detected by in situ hybridisation. PMID: 30044440
    2. Suggest that altered TSPO distribution in the cerebellum, and potentially in other regions (e.g. the hippocampus), may be a marker of pathophysiology in systemic lupus erythematosus. PMID: 27387599
    3. Effects of genetic variants in the TSPO gene on protein structure and stability PMID: 29641545
    4. PET study found increased TSPO availability, suggestive of predominantly microglial activation, in the anterior cingulate cortex during a moderate to severe major depressive episode. A potential contribution of suicidality to the elevated TSPO in major depressive disorder warrants further research in adequately powered studies. PMID: 28939116
    5. Study found significantly lower levels of activated microglia in the brains of living alcohol dependent subjects compared to healthy controls as measured with [11C]PBR28 PET. Importantly, exploratory analyses suggest that lower [11C]PBR28 VT values are associated with greater alcohol dependence severity and more reported drinks per day over the previous month. PMID: 28242869
    6. s investigate the function of TSPO in cholesterol efflux from the RPE cells. We demonstrate in RPE cells that TSPO specific ligands promoted cholesterol efflux to acceptor (apo)lipoprotein and human serum, while loss of TSPO resulted in impaired cholesterol efflux. PMID: 28973423
    7. suggest that both of the most important proapoptotic and anticancer proteins, p53 and TSPO PMID: 26378498
    8. Study shows that fibromyalgia patients with the translocator protein high affinity binding genotype reported a higher pain intensity and more severe fibromyalgia symptoms compared to mixed/low affinity binders, and this was modulated by interaction with the serotonin transporter gene. PMID: 27448744
    9. Genome-wide significant (GWS) associations in single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based tests (P < 5 x 10(-8)) were identified for SNPs in PFDN1/HBEGF, USP6NL/ECHDC3, and BZRAP1-AS1. PMID: 28183528
    10. TSPO mutations in rats and a human polymorphism impair the rate of steroid synthesis. PMID: 29074640
    11. Findings suggest lower glial density or an altered activation state with lower TSPO expression in the hippocampus of alcohol dependent patients. PMID: 28072413
    12. demonstrate a consistent down-regulation of TSPO mRNA and protein in macrophages activated to a pro-inflammatory, or 'M1' phenotype PMID: 28968465
    13. These findings have important implications for understanding the biology of TSPO in activated macrophages and microglia in humans. PMID: 28530125
    14. TSPO may serve a range of functions that can be viewed as downstream regulatory effects of its primary, evolutionary conserved role in cell metabolism and energy production. PMID: 28103132
    15. We report for the first time, to our knowledge, the kinetic properties of the novel third-generation TSPO PET ligand (18)F-GE180 in humans: 2TCM4k is the optimal method to quantify the brain uptake, 90 min is the optimal scan length, and the Logan approach could be used to generate parametric maps. Although these control subjects have shown relatively low VT, the methodology presented here forms the basis for quantificati PMID: 27261523
    16. demonstrate rapid decrease in TSPO binding to the high affinity site induced by exposure to cigarette smoke PMID: 27939322
    17. Study shows that TSPO's mitochondrial functions include modulation of nuclear gene expression via mitochondrial-nuclear signaling which can suggests whereby TSPO can control several vital cell functions, which has major implications for the whole organism in health and disease. PMID: 28387723
    18. TSPO is an ancient bacterial receptor/stress sensor that has developed additional interactions, partners, and roles in its mitochondrial outer membrane environment in eukaryotes. PMID: 27074410
    19. Unlike the strictly mitochondrial localisation of PBR/TSPO, PBR-S (isoform which lacks exon 2) has a punctate distribution throughout the cytosol that co-localises with lysosomes in HeLa, HEK-293, MDA-MB-231, BJ and U87-MG cells. PMID: 28263860
    20. [(18)F]PBR102 and [(18)F]PBR111 have distinct metabolic profiles in rat and non-human primates. Radiometabolites contributed to non-specific binding and confounded in vivo brain analysis of [(18)F]PBR102 in rodents; the impact in primates was less pronounced. Both [(18)F]PBR102 and [(18)F]PBR111 are suitable for PET imaging of TSPO in vivo. In vitro metabolite studies can be used to predict in vivo radioligand metabolism PMID: 27699720
    21. the epigenetic regulation of TSPO PMID: 28004979
    22. the effects of PK11195 on meningioma were associated the decrease of allopregnanolone biosynthesis, which was mediated by TSPO. PMID: 26835706
    23. Study demonstrates that TSPO has an anti-inflammatory role in endothelial activation through the inhibition of VCAM1 and regulation of mitochondrial function in endothelial cells. PMID: 26608360
    24. Study focuses on the current understanding of TSPO interplay with reactive oxygen species and the voltage-dependent anion channel to which it binds, in the regulation of cell mitophagy. [review] PMID: 26551691
    25. The s discuss findings about TSPO and its function in the steroidogenesis which are inconclusive at this time. [Review] PMID: 26551695
    26. Studies confirmed that TSPO expression increases with tumor grade in astrocytomas but also that some overlap exists between Low-grade and anaplastic lesions. PMID: 26551696
    27. This work implicates TSPO in the maintenance of mitochondrial membrane integrity and in the control of mitochondrial ROS production, ultimately favoring tissue regeneration. PMID: 27054921
    28. differential expression in children with allergic asthma PMID: 25979194
    29. We conclude that ScBsAbAgn-2/TSPO targeting of glioblastoma cell lines can be achieved in vitro and in vivo. PMID: 26898800
    30. Exposure of cells to CS resulted in alternation of biomolecules expressed by CLs peroxidation, reduction of TSPO binding, and depletion of the mitochondrial potential. This irreversible damage was enhanced in the presence of saliva PMID: 25968977
    31. Study show that TSPO is highly expressed in human glioma and correlates with grade and represents a promising target in human glioma imaging for detection and staging. PMID: 26517124
    32. Elevations in microglial activity can be measured in vivo with positron emission tomography (PET) using radioligands specific for the 18kD translocator-protein (TSPO), which is expressed on microglia. PMID: 26472628
    33. Our preliminary results suggest that TSPO brain imaging in GBM may be a useful tool for predicting tumor progression at follow-up and may be less susceptible to changes in blood-brain barrier permeability than (18)F-FET. PMID: 26182972
    34. Data suggest that TSPO expression is tightly associated with metabolic state of adipocytes and differentiation of preadipocytes into white/brown adipocytes; TSPO expression may improve metabolic status of adipocytes and regulate glucose homeostasis. PMID: 26123521
    35. Our findings highlight TSPO as a candidate for future investigations of antipsychotic-induced weight gain, and support the involvement of mitochondrial membrane components in this serious treatment side effect. PMID: 25560467
    36. TSPO is a biomarkers that can predict recovery from brain injury and myocarditis PMID: 25123025
    37. Data indicate that variation in the translocator protein (18 kDa) (TSPO) gene affects susceptibility to topic dermatitis (AD). PMID: 24998961
    38. This study identifies key cholesterol binding enhancement motif in translocator protein 18 kDa. PMID: 25635829
    39. Results show that TSPO is involved in cell death induction by NH4Cl; TSPO ligands, depending on their concentration, bimodally modulated NH4Cl-induced toxicity PMID: 24168369
    40. As demonstrated within a group of stroke and GBM patients, (123)I-CLINDE SPECT can be used for quantitative assessment of TSPO expression in vivo PMID: 25453044
    41. it appears that 10(-5) M FGIN-1-27 reduces cell viability, cell metabolism, and mitochondrial function. PMID: 24532136
    42. TSPO expression is able to distinguish differences in the severity of myocarditis between male subjects and female subjects. PMID: 24402571
    43. Increased TSPO expression and microglial activation are not associated with cocaine abuse. PMID: 25057196
    44. Data indicate that targeting 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO) reduces macrophage lipid content and prevents macrophage foam cell formation. PMID: 24814875
    45. These findings suggest that TSPO is highly expressed in reactive retinal microglia and a promising target to control microglial reactivity during retinal degeneration. PMID: 24397957
    46. Both IRF-4 and IBP might be involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis vulgaris. PMID: 22528235
    47. XBD173 blockade provides a practical means of estimating VND for TSPO targeting radioligands. PMID: 24643083
    48. data indicate a nominal association between the rs6971 SNP in the TSPO gene and the diagnosis of BD. PMID: 23942012
    49. The mitochondrial TSPO protein inhibits HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein biosynthesis via the endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein. degradation pathway PMID: 24403586
    50. PET imaging with [11C]PBR28 in subjects with mild-to-moderate depression and C-reactive protein levels <5 mg/L do not show that depressed subjects have neuroinflammation or microglial activation. PMID: 23850810

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  • 亚细胞定位：
    Mitochondrion membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.
  • 蛋白家族：
    TspO/BZRP family
  • 组织特异性：
    Found in many tissue types. Expressed at the highest levels under normal conditions in tissues that synthesize steroids.
  • 数据库链接：

    HGNC: 1158

    OMIM: 109610

    KEGG: hsa:706

    STRING: 9606.ENSP00000328973

    UniGene: Hs.202