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  4. Recombinant Human Glutaredoxin-1 (GLRX)

Recombinant Human Glutaredoxin-1 (GLRX)

  • 中文名称：
    人GLRX重组蛋白
  • 货号：
    CSB-YP009521HU
  • 规格：
  • 来源：
    Yeast
  • 其他：
  • 中文名称：
    人GLRX重组蛋白
  • 货号：
    CSB-EP009521HU-B
  • 规格：
  • 来源：
    E.coli
  • 共轭：
    Avi-tag Biotinylated

    E. coli biotin ligase (BirA) is highly specific in covalently attaching biotin to the 15 amino acid AviTag peptide. This recombinant protein was biotinylated in vivo by AviTag-BirA technology, which method is BriA catalyzes amide linkage between the biotin and the specific lysine of the AviTag.

  • 其他：
  • 中文名称：
    人GLRX重组蛋白
  • 货号：
    CSB-BP009521HU
  • 规格：
  • 来源：
    Baculovirus
  • 其他：
  • 中文名称：
    人GLRX重组蛋白
  • 货号：
    CSB-MP009521HU
  • 规格：
  • 来源：
    Mammalian cell
  • 其他：

产品详情

  • 纯度：
    >85% (SDS-PAGE)
  • 基因名：
    GLRX
  • Uniprot No.：
  • 别名：
    GLRX; Glrx1; GLRX1_HUMAN; Glutaredoxin; Glutaredoxin-1; Glutaredoxin1; Grx 1; Grx; Grx1; MGC117407; Thioltransferase 1; Thioltransferase; Thioltransferase-1; Thioltransferase1; TTase ; TTase 1; TTase-1; TTase1
  • 种属：
    Homo sapiens (Human)
  • 蛋白长度：
    Full Length of Mature Protein
  • 表达区域：
    2-106
  • 氨基酸序列
    AQEFVNCKI QPGKVVVFIK PTCPYCRRAQ EILSQLPIKQ GLLEFVDITA TNHTNEIQDY LQQLTGARTV PRVFIGKDCI GGCSDLVSLQ QSGELLTRLK QIGALQ
  • 蛋白标签：
    Tag type will be determined during the manufacturing process.
    The tag type will be determined during production process. If you have specified tag type, please tell us and we will develop the specified tag preferentially.
  • 产品提供形式：
    Lyophilized powder
    Note: We will preferentially ship the format that we have in stock, however, if you have any special requirement for the format, please remark your requirement when placing the order, we will prepare according to your demand.
  • 复溶：
    We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Please reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL.We recommend to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20℃/-80℃. Our default final concentration of glycerol is 50%. Customers could use it as reference.
  • 储存条件：
    Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 保质期：
    The shelf life is related to many factors, storage state, buffer ingredients, storage temperature and the stability of the protein itself.
    Generally, the shelf life of liquid form is 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. The shelf life of lyophilized form is 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
  • 货期：
    Delivery time may differ from different purchasing way or location, please kindly consult your local distributors for specific delivery time.
    Note: All of our proteins are default shipped with normal blue ice packs, if you request to ship with dry ice, please communicate with us in advance and extra fees will be charged.
  • 注意事项：
    Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.
  • Datasheet ：
    Please contact us to get it.

产品评价

靶点详情

  • 功能：
    Has a glutathione-disulfide oxidoreductase activity in the presence of NADPH and glutathione reductase. Reduces low molecular weight disulfides and proteins.
  • 基因功能参考文献：
    1. Glutaredoxin-1 silencing induces cell senescence via p53/p21/p16 signaling axis. PMID: 29356545
    2. Overexpression of NOS3 increased the levels and activities of proteins of the redoxin systems, Trx1, Grx1, TrxR1 and TxnIP, and the levels of signaling proteins (Akt1, pAkt1(-)Ser473, MapK, pMapK, Stat3, Fas). PMID: 28162284
    3. Based on the roGFP2-hGrx1 signals, glutathione-dependent redox potentials of -267mV and -328mV, respectively, were obtained. Employing these novel tools, initial studies on the effects of redox-active agents and clinically employed antimalarial drugs were carried out on both organelles. PMID: 28062360
    4. Reduction potentials of protein disulfides and catalysis of glutathionylation and deglutathionylation by glutaredoxin enzymes PMID: 28963348
    5. GRX1 overexpression constrains oxidative stress and apoptosis in osteoarthritis chondrocytes by regulating CREB/HO-1, providing a novel insight into the molecular mechanism and potential treatment of osteoarthritis. PMID: 28843170
    6. Our results indicate that Grx1 upregulation promotes neuroinflammation and consequent neuronal cell death in vitro, and synergizes with proinflammatory insults to promote DA loss in vivo. PMID: 27224303
    7. Glutaredoxin desensitizes lens to oxidative stress by connecting and integrating specific signaling and transcriptional regulation for antioxidant response. PMID: 27744453
    8. Glrx ablation stabilizes HIF-1alpha by increasing GSH adducts on Cys(520) promoting in vivo HIF-1alpha stabilization, VEGF-A production, and revascularization in the ischemic muscles. PMID: 27162359
    9. The results demonstrate that the antiproliferative effect of NO is hampered by Trx1 and Grx1 and support the strategy of weakening the thiolic antioxidant defenses when designing new antitumoral therapies. PMID: 26210445
    10. Prx2 glutathionylation is a favorable reaction that can occur in cells under oxidative stress and may have a role in redox signaling. GSH/Grx1 provide an alternative mechanism to thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase for Prx2 recycling. PMID: 26601956
    11. Glutaredoxin 1 protects human retinal pigment epithelial cells from oxidative damage by preventing AKT glutathionylation. PMID: 25788646
    12. A new function for GRX1 in neuronal copper homeostasis and in protection from copper-mediated oxidative injury. PMID: 24816595
    13. Human Grx1 can catalyse reduction of Atox1 by glutathione but only in the presence of Cu(I). PMID: 24522867
    14. Levels of GLRX in the cerebrospinal fluid increase significantly in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease. PMID: 24270206
    15. Thioredoxin 1 is inactivated due to oxidation induced by peroxiredoxin under oxidative stress and reactivated by the glutaredoxin system. PMID: 24062305
    16. sputum glutaredoxin-1 may have a role in asthma, while protein S may have a role in better lung function PMID: 23370801
    17. Studies show that the glutaredoxin system with glutathione plays a backup role to keep oxidized thioredoxin 1 (Trx1) reduced in cells with loss of thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1) activity. PMID: 22977247
    18. Data show that glutaredoxin acts as a reductant for methionine sulfoxide reductases A and B (MsrA and MsrB) with or without resolving cysteine. PMID: 22634633
    19. These results showed that cigarette smoke can modulate glutaredoxin 1, not only at the expression level, but can also directly modify glutaredoxin 1 itself, decreasing its activity. PMID: 21454804
    20. Microsecond-millisecond motions in glutaredoxin result from substrate binding and not from crossing of the transition state energy barrier of product formation. Instead substrate binding induces a conformational change. PMID: 21323311
    21. findings reveal another signalling molecule affected by S-glutathionylation and uncover a crucial role for GRX-1 in the TRAF6-dependent activation of NF-kappaB by IL-1R/TLRs. PMID: 21078302
    22. Role of glutaredoxin1 and glutathione in regulating the activity of the copper-transporting P-type ATPases, ATP7A and ATP7B. PMID: 20566629
    23. Glutaredoxin-dependent peroxiredoxin from poplar: protein-protein interaction and catalytic mechanism PMID: 11832487
    24. Results suggest that glutaredoxin plays an important role during implantation, while Trx levels remained constant during the secretory phase. PMID: 12029072
    25. role of GRX in oxidative stress-induced signaling and cytotoxicity in glucose-deprived human cancer cells PMID: 12244106
    26. facilitates GS-radical scavenging and S-glutathionylation of redox signal mediators, consistent with a critical role in redox signal transduction and cellular regulation PMID: 12556467
    27. role in metabolic oxidative stress-induced activation of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 PMID: 12723971
    28. secretion of Grx1 and its presence in plasma suggests extracellular functions as found for mammalian thioredoxin 1 PMID: 15184054
    29. Lung cells can synthesize Grx1 mRNA and protein. Grx1 is expressed in alveolar macrophages of healthy lung. PMID: 15297967
    30. Grx1(as) cDNA is an alternatively spliced human Grx1 cDNA and the Grx1(as) 3'-untranslated region may have a role in stabilizing mRNA PMID: 15637068
    31. Abeta neurotoxicity might be mediated by oxidation of GRX1 or TRX1 and subsequent activation of the ASK1 cascade. PMID: 16311508
    32. We propose that GRX1 is essential for ATPase function and catalyses either the reduction of intramolecular disulphide bonds or the deglutathionylation of the cysteine residues within the CxxC motifs to facilitate copper-binding for subsequent transport. PMID: 16884690
    33. GRX plays an important role in PDGF-BB-dependent cell proliferation by regulating the redox state of LMW-PTP PMID: 16893901
    34. Grx1 is a potential redox modulatory protein regulating the intracellular as well as extracellular homeostasis of glutathionylated proteins and GSH in human lung. PMID: 17064412
    35. A novel mechanism of caspase-3 regulation by glutaredoxin is demonstrated in tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced apoptosis. PMID: 17185628
    36. In this review, reversible glutathiolation of procaspase-3 by glutaredoxin provides further mechanistic insight into the role of reactive oxygen species in TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis. PMID: 17272816
    37. Deglutathionylation of IRF3 is necessary for efficient interaction of IRF3 with CREBBP. PMID: 18309294
    38. downregulation of Grx1 leads to mitochondrial dysfunction through oxidative modification of the outer membrane protein, VDAC, providing support for the critical role of Grx1 in maintenance of mitochondrial membrane potential PMID: 18560520
    39. NO increased the S-glutathiolation of SERCA, and adenoviral overexpression of glutaredoxin-1 prevented both the HNO-stimulated oxidative modification of SERCA and its activation. PMID: 19265039

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  • 亚细胞定位：
    Cytoplasm.
  • 蛋白家族：
    Glutaredoxin family
  • 数据库链接：

    HGNC: 4330

    OMIM: 600443

    KEGG: hsa:2745

    STRING: 9606.ENSP00000237858

    UniGene: Hs.28988