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  4. Recombinant Human Ras-related protein Ral-A (RALA)

Recombinant Human Ras-related protein Ral-A (RALA)

  • 货号：
    CSB-YP019296HU
  • 规格：
  • 来源：
    Yeast
  • 其他：
  • 货号：
    CSB-EP019296HU
  • 规格：
  • 来源：
    E.coli
  • 其他：
  • 货号：
    CSB-EP019296HU-B
  • 规格：
  • 来源：
    E.coli
  • 共轭：
    Avi-tag Biotinylated

    E. coli biotin ligase (BirA) is highly specific in covalently attaching biotin to the 15 amino acid AviTag peptide. This recombinant protein was biotinylated in vivo by AviTag-BirA technology, which method is BriA catalyzes amide linkage between the biotin and the specific lysine of the AviTag.

  • 其他：
  • 货号：
    CSB-BP019296HU
  • 规格：
  • 来源：
    Baculovirus
  • 其他：
  • 货号：
    CSB-MP019296HU
  • 规格：
  • 来源：
    Mammalian cell
  • 其他：

产品详情

  • 纯度：
    >85% (SDS-PAGE)
  • 基因名：
  • Uniprot No.：
  • 别名：
    MGC48949; Ral a; Ral A protein; RAL; RALA; RALA_HUMAN; Ras family small GTP binding protein RALA; RAS like protein A; Ras related protein RalA; Ras-related protein Ral-A; v ral simian leukemia viral oncogene homolog A (ras related); v ral simian leukemia viral oncogene homolog A
  • 种属：
    Homo sapiens (Human)
  • 蛋白长度：
    Full length protein
  • 表达区域：
    1-203
  • 氨基酸序列
    MAANKPKGQN SLALHKVIMV GSGGVGKSAL TLQFMYDEFV EDYEPTKADS YRKKVVLDGE EVQIDILDTA GQEDYAAIRD NYFRSGEGFL CVFSITEMES FAATADFREQ ILRVKEDENV PFLLVGNKSD LEDKRQVSVE EAKNRAEQWN VNYVETSAKT RANVDKVFFD LMREIRARKM EDSKEKNGKK KRKSLAKRIR ERC
  • 蛋白标签：
    Tag type will be determined during the manufacturing process.
    The tag type will be determined during production process. If you have specified tag type, please tell us and we will develop the specified tag preferentially.
  • 产品提供形式：
    Lyophilized powder
    Note: We will preferentially ship the format that we have in stock, however, if you have any special requirement for the format, please remark your requirement when placing the order, we will prepare according to your demand.
  • 复溶：
    We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Please reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL.We recommend to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20℃/-80℃. Our default final concentration of glycerol is 50%. Customers could use it as reference.
  • 储存条件：
    Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 保质期：
    The shelf life is related to many factors, storage state, buffer ingredients, storage temperature and the stability of the protein itself.
    Generally, the shelf life of liquid form is 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. The shelf life of lyophilized form is 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
  • 货期：
    Delivery time may differ from different purchasing way or location, please kindly consult your local distributors for specific delivery time.
    Note: All of our proteins are default shipped with normal blue ice packs, if you request to ship with dry ice, please communicate with us in advance and extra fees will be charged.
  • 注意事项：
    Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.
  • Datasheet ：
    Please contact us to get it.

产品评价

靶点详情

  • 功能：
    Multifunctional GTPase involved in a variety of cellular processes including gene expression, cell migration, cell proliferation, oncogenic transformation and membrane trafficking. Accomplishes its multiple functions by interacting with distinct downstream effectors. Acts as a GTP sensor for GTP-dependent exocytosis of dense core vesicles. The RALA-exocyst complex regulates integrin-dependent membrane raft exocytosis and growth signaling. Key regulator of LPAR1 signaling and competes with GRK2 for binding to LPAR1 thus affecting the signaling properties of the receptor. Required for anchorage-independent proliferation of transformed cells. During mitosis, supports the stabilization and elongation of the intracellular bridge between dividing cells. Cooperates with EXOC2 to recruit other components of the exocyst to the early midbody. During mitosis, also controls mitochondrial fission by recruiting to the mitochondrion RALBP1, which mediates the phosphorylation and activation of DNM1L by the mitotic kinase cyclin B-CDK1.
  • 基因功能参考文献：
    1. In fact the overexpression of RalGPS2 or of its PH-domain increased markedly the number and the length of nanotubes, while the knock-down of RalGPS2 caused a strong reduction of these structures. Moreover, using a series of RalA mutants impaired in the interaction with different downstream components (Sec5, Exo84, RalBP1) we demonstrated that the interaction of RalA with Sec5 is required for TNTs formation PMID: 29208460
    2. Study explored the function of RalA in regulating the localization of AQP3 in androgenindependent prostate cancer and demonstrated that depletion of RalA led to the redistribution of AQP3 into the plasma membrane. PMID: 29532894
    3. Data show that ras related GTP binding protein A (Ral A) is necessary for 1-O-Hexadecyl-2-O-methyl-rac-glycerol (HMG)-mediated M phase arrest and induction of apoptosis in Nf1-deficient cells. PMID: 27741517
    4. High RalA expression is associated with chronic myelogenous leukemia. PMID: 26967392
    5. This study demonstrated that RalA is overactivated in medulloblastoma. PMID: 27566179
    6. Study shows the additional benefits of anti-RalA autoantibody as a potential serological biomarker for prostate cancer (PCa), particularly in patients with normal PSA, and further demonstrate the utility of biomarker combinations in the immunodiagnosis of PCa. PMID: 27286458
    7. This study identifies a novel regulatory crosstalk between Ral and Arf6 that controls Ral function in cells. PMID: 27269287
    8. Lowering the level of cellular FLNA caused an elevation in RalA activity and resulted in selective interference with the normal intracellular trafficking and signaling of the D2R and D3R, through GRK2 and beta-arrestins, respectively. Active RalA was found to interact with GRK2 to sequester it from D2R. Knockdown of FLNA or coexpression of active RalA prevented D3R from coupling with G protein. PMID: 27188791
    9. results suggest that the small GTPase RalA plays an important role in promoting invagination and trafficking of caveolae, not by potentiating the association between Cav-1 and FilA but by stimulating PLD2-mediated generation of phosphatidic acid. PMID: 27510034
    10. agonist-induced Gbetagamma-mediated conversion of RalA from the GTP-bound form to the GDP-bound form could be a mechanism to facilitate agonist-induced internalization of GPCRs. PMID: 26477566
    11. RCC2 exhibits guanine exchange factor activity, in vitro and in cells, for the small GTPase RalA. RCC2 and RalA apparently work together to contribute to the regulation of kinetochore-microtubule interactions in early mitosis. PMID: 26158537
    12. striking isoform-specific consequences of distinct CAAX-signaled posttranslational modifications that contribute to the divergent subcellular localization and activity of RalA and RalB. PMID: 26216878
    13. expression of K-Ras and RalB and possibly RalA proteins is critical for maintaining low levels of p53, and down-regulation of these GTPases reactivates p53 by significantly enhancing its stability, contributing to suppression of malignant transformation PMID: 25210032
    14. These results indicate that MLN8237 treatment may be effective for a subset of patients with PDAC independent of RalA S194 phosphorylation PMID: 24222664
    15. microRNA-140 targets RALA and regulates chondrogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells by translational enhancement of SOX9 and ACAN. PMID: 24063364
    16. RalA and RalB exhibit both distinct and redundant roles in tumorigenesis (Review). PMID: 23830877
    17. The study found upregulated RalA and RalB activation in colorectal cancer tumor cell lines and tumors. PMID: 22790202
    18. We identified interactions between RalA and its effectors sec5 and exo84 in the Exocyst complex as directly necessary for migration and invasion of prostate cancer tumor cells. PMID: 22761837
    19. the existence of an ubiquitination/de-ubiquitination cycle superimposed on the GDP/GTP cycle of RalA, involved in the regulation of RalA activity as well as in membrane raft trafficking. PMID: 22700969
    20. RalA and RalB differentially regulate development of epithelial tight junctions. PMID: 22013078
    21. This study detected RALA level in Chronic myelogenous leukemia cells, which is highly expressed and distributed mainly in the cytoplasm and/or partially in endomembrane. PMID: 22330069
    22. RalA is directly regulated by miR-181a and plays an important role in CML. PMID: 22442671
    23. Data show that disrupting either RALA or RALBP1 leads to a loss of mitochondrial fission at mitosis, improper segregation of mitochondria during cytokinesis and a decrease in ATP levels and cell number. PMID: 21822277
    24. Our results identify a role for RalA and RalB in cell-mediated cytotoxicity PMID: 21810610
    25. conclude that the ability of hRgr to activate both Ral and Ras is responsible for its transformation-inducing phenotype and it could be an important contributor in the development of some T-cell malignancies PMID: 21441953
    26. The RalA was not only cytoprotective against multiple chemotherapeutic drugs, but also promigratory inducing stress fiber formation, which was accompanied by the activation of Akt and Erk pathways. PMID: 21645515
    27. RalA, the binding partner of PKC eta, is involved in not only the keratinocyte differentiation induced by PKCeta overexpression but also in normal keratinocyte differentiation induced by calcium and cholesterol sulfate. PMID: 21346190
    28. Correlation between RalA protein expression decrease and absence of regional metastases was revealed for squamous cell lung cancer. PMID: 21634118
    29. Ral is a critical regulator in PMN that specifically controls secondary granule release during PMN response to chemoattractant stimulation. PMID: 21282111
    30. studies suggest that the expression of RalBP1 is necessary for human cancer cell metastasis; show that the requirement for RalA expression for manifestation of this phenotype is not entirely dependent on a RalA-RalBP1 interaction PMID: 21170262
    31. RalA interaction with the Exo84 but not Sec5 exocyst component was necessary for supporting anchorage-independent growth, whereas RalB interaction with Sec5 but not Exo84 was necessary for inhibition of anchorage-independent growth PMID: 21199803
    32. RalA is activated by Salmonella infection in a SopE-dependent manner, and is required for exocyst assembly. PMID: 20579884
    33. Expression of the small GTPase RalA is required for angiotensin II type I receptor-stimulated inositol phosphate formation. PMID: 20018811
    34. Data show that conversion of Ras-expressing keratinocytes from a premalignant to malignant state induced by decreasing E-cadherin function was associated with and required an approximately two to threefold decrease in RalA expression. PMID: 19802010
    35. Aurora-A may converge upon oncogenic Ras signaling through RalA. PMID: 19901077
    36. differential binding of calmodulin by RalA and RalB PMID: 12034722
    37. RALA and RALB collaborate to maintain tumorigenicity through regulation of both proliferation and survival; RALA is dispensable for survival, but is required for anchorage-independent proliferation PMID: 12856001
    38. Protein kinase A-dependent activation of Ral regulates cAMP-mediated exocytosis of Weibel-Palade bodies in endothelial cells. PMID: 15130921
    39. crystal structure of Clostridium botulinum C3bot1 in complex with RalA (a GTPase of the Ras subfamily) and GDP at a resolution of 2.66 A PMID: 15809419
    40. the Ral-CaM complex defines a multifaceted regulatory mechanism for PLC-delta1 activation PMID: 15817490
    41. Activation of RalA signaling appears to be a critical step in Ras-induced transformation and tumorigenesis of human cells. PMID: 15950903
    42. androgen deprivation of human prostate carcinoma cells activates the small GTPase, RalA, a molecule important for human oncogenesis PMID: 16964283
    43. study concludes RalA function is critical to tumor initiation, while RalB is more important for tumor metastasis in the tested pancreatic carcinoma cell lines & argues for critical roles of Ral proteins during progression of Ras-driven pancreatic cancers PMID: 17174914
    44. Ral is activated upon BCR stimulation and mediates BCR-controlled activation of AP-1 and NFAT transcription factors. PMID: 17237388
    45. analysis of activation and differential expression of RalA and RalB in human bladder cancer PMID: 17606711
    46. These data extend understanding of the functional roles of the Ral pathway and begin to identify signaling pathways relevant for organ-specific metastasis. PMID: 17709381
    47. Data suggest that RalA and RalB are important, functionally distinct targets for GGTI-mediated tumor apoptosis and growth inhibition. PMID: 17875936
    48. RalA and RalB support mitotic progression through mobilization of the exocyst for two spatially and kinetically distinct steps of cytokinesis PMID: 18756269
    49. RalGDS and RalA act downstream of Rheb and RalA activation is a crucial step in nutrient-induced mTORC1 activation PMID: 18948269
    50. These results establish RalA and GRK2 as key regulators of LPA receptor signalling and demonstrate for the first time that LPA(1) activity facilitates the formation of a novel protein complex between these two proteins. PMID: 19306925

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  • 亚细胞定位：
    Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor; Cytoplasmic side. Cleavage furrow. Midbody, Midbody ring. Mitochondrion.
  • 蛋白家族：
    Small GTPase superfamily, Ras family
  • 数据库链接：

    HGNC: 9839

    OMIM: 179550

    KEGG: hsa:5898

    STRING: 9606.ENSP00000005257

    UniGene: Hs.6906