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  4. Recombinant Human Type II iodothyronine deiodinase (DIO2)

Recombinant Human Type II iodothyronine deiodinase (DIO2)

  • 货号：
    CSB-CF821705HU
  • 规格：
  • 来源：
    in vitro E.coli expression system
  • 其他：

产品详情

  • 基因名：
    DIO2
  • Uniprot No.：
  • 别名：
    DIO2; ITDI2; TXDI2; Type II iodothyronine deiodinase; 5DII; DIOII; Type 2 DI; Type-II 5'-deiodinase
  • 种属：
    Homo sapiens (Human)
  • 蛋白长度：
    full length protein
  • 表达区域：
    1-273
  • 氨基酸序列
    MGILSVDLLITLQILPVFFSNCLFLALYDSVILLKHVVLLLSRSKSTRGEWRRMLTSEGL RCVWKSFLLDAYKQVKLGEDAPNSSVVHVSSTEGGDNSGNGTQEKIAEGATCHLLDFASP ERPLVVNFGSATUPPFTSQLPAFRKLVEEFSSVADFLLVYIDEAHPSDGWAIPGDSSLSF EVKKHQNQEDRCAAAQQLLERFSLPPQCRVVADRMDNNANIAYGVAFERVCIVQRQKIAY LGGKGPFSYNLQEVRHWLEKNFSKRUKKTRLAG
    Note: The complete sequence including tag sequence, target protein sequence and linker sequence could be provided upon request.
  • 蛋白标签：
    N-terminal 10xHis-tagged
  • 产品提供形式：
    Liquid or Lyophilized powder
    Note: We will preferentially ship the format that we have in stock, however, if you have any special requirement for the format, please remark your requirement when placing the order, we will prepare according to your demand.
  • 缓冲液：
    Lyophilized from Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0
  • 储存条件：
    Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 保质期：
    The shelf life is related to many factors, storage state, buffer ingredients, storage temperature and the stability of the protein itself.
    Generally, the shelf life of liquid form is 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. The shelf life of lyophilized form is 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
  • 货期：
    Basically, we can dispatch the products out in 1-3 working days after receiving your orders. Delivery time may differ from different purchasing way or location, please kindly consult your local distributors for specific delivery time.
    Note: All of our proteins are default shipped with normal blue ice packs, if you request to ship with dry ice, please communicate with us in advance and extra fees will be charged.
  • 注意事项：
    Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.
  • Datasheet & COA：
    Please contact us to get it.

产品评价

靶点详情

  • 功能：
    Responsible for the deiodination of T4 (3,5,3',5'-tetraiodothyronine) into T3 (3,5,3'-triiodothyronine). Essential for providing the brain with appropriate levels of T3 during the critical period of development.
  • 基因功能参考文献：
    1. adipocyte-derived DIO2 may play a role in weight maintenance but is likely not a major contributor to obesity-related insulin resistance PMID: 30116736
    2. Thr92AlaD2 was associated with molecular markers known to underlie Alzheimer disease (AD) pathogenesis in African Americans (AAs), translating to an observed phenotype of increased odds of developing AD/dementia in AAs in these populations. Thr92AlaD2 might represent one factor contributing to racial discrepancies in incident AD. PMID: 29481662
    3. In vitro, GH significantly increased D2 expression at the mRNA level in HTC/C3 cells, as well as D2 protein and its activity. GH increased serum fT3 level and decreased serum fT4 level in humans. Our results suggest that its mechanism involves D2 upregulation. PMID: 29274063
    4. the low frequency of the TT genotype D2 rs225014 polymorphism was associated with the development of AITD and severity of HD. PMID: 29648895
    5. Expression of DIO2 mRNA/protein was reduced in recurrent depressive disorders. PMID: 29367100
    6. The Thr92Ala polymorphism of D2 was not associated with thyroid parameters, HRQoL, and cognitive functioning in the general population and in participants on thyroid hormone replacement therapy. PMID: 27786042
    7. Thyroidectomized patients carrying DIO2 Thr92Ala are at increased risk of reduced intracellular and serum T3 concentrations that are not adequately compensated for by LT4, thus providing evidence in favor of customized treatment of hypothyroidism in athyreotic patients. PMID: 28324063
    8. D2-Thr92Ala genetic variant is associated with the severity and the obstetric outcome of preeclampsia, and it also influences thyroid hormone levels. PMID: 27809617
    9. Homozygosity for the Dio2 Thr92Ala polymorphism is associated with higher HbA1C levels in type 2 diabetes patients. [Meta-Analysis] PMID: 27777960
    10. the reduction of SAT DIO2 expression is negatively correlated with DBP and TG levels that are associated with the MetS. This might have an effect on developing MetS. PMID: 26588490
    11. In subjects who are alcohol dependent, the rs225014 DIO2 gene was associated with significant differences in the amount of naturalistic alcohol drinking. PMID: 26207529
    12. Data provide evidence in humans that genetic predisposition combined with early osteoarthritis-related changes results in loff of epigenetic silencing of DIO2. PMID: 24695009
    13. DIO2 gene plays a role in the etiology of recurrent depressive disorder.Association of the DIO2 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms with recurrent depressive disorder. PMID: 26098717
    14. DIO2 gene polymorphisms may play a role in the incidence of MCI in male patients. PMID: 26125736
    15. conversion of T4 to T3 by D2 is required for TRalpha1/PI3K-mediated nongenomic actions of T4 in HUVECs, including stimulation of Akt phosphorylation and Rac activation, which result in cell migration. PMID: 26284425
    16. Ala92-D2 accumulates in the Golgi, where its presence and/or ensuing oxidative stress disrupts basic cellular functions and increases pre-apoptosis. PMID: 25569702
    17. The rs225017 polymorphism in the 3'UTR of the human DIO2 gene is associated with increased insulin resistance. PMID: 25105294
    18. Identification of two heterozygous nonsynonymous mutations in the thyroid hormone activating type 2 deiodinase. PMID: 25140401
    19. [review] D2 variants correlate with thyroid hormone levels, insulin resistance, bipolar mood disorder, psychological well-being, mental retardation, hypertension, and risk for osteoarthritis. PMID: 24878678
    20. interaction between UbD2 and p97/Atx3 mediates retranslocation of UbD2 to the cytoplasm for terminal degradation in the proteasomes. PMID: 24196352
    21. Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the genes GPX1 (rs1050450, rs1800668 and rs3811699), TrxR2 (rs5748469), and DIO2 (rs225014) may not be significantly associated with Kashin-Beck disease in a Tibetan population. PMID: 24058403
    22. Data suggest posttranslational mechanism via proteasomal degradation (not NFkappaB [nuclear factor-kappa-B] activation) is involved in suppression of DIO2 (type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase) by TNFalpha (tumor necrosis factor-alpha) in thyroid cells. PMID: 23719846
    23. Type 2 deiodinase (DIO2) Thr92Ala polymorphism is associated with reduced placental DIO2 activity but not with dysglycemia, increased insulin resistance, or worse gestational outcomes. PMID: 24355051
    24. Mutations affecting DIO2 are not a common cause of high BMD in healthy euthyroid post-menopausal women. PMID: 24480136
    25. genetic association study in population of women in Italy: Data suggest that an SNP in DIO2 (T92A) is not associated with autoimmune thyroiditis in the population studied. PMID: 23013882
    26. DIO2 rs7140952 polymorphism is associated with components of metabolic syndrome including blood pressure and central obesity in hypothyroid patients. PMID: 23329579
    27. An association of type 2 deiodinase Thr92Ala polymorphism with frequency of disease development. PMID: 23193417
    28. findings demonstrate that upregulated expression of DIO2 in osteoarthritis (OA) patient cartilage might be responsible for OA pathogenesis by enhancing the chondrocyte hypertrophy and inflammatory response. PMID: 23296253
    29. Data show that C/EBPalpha and C/EBPbeta promote Dio2 expression in the trophoblastic cell line JEG3 through a conserved CCAAT element, which is a novel key component of the Dio2 promoter code that confers tissue-specific expression of D2 in these cells. PMID: 22689263
    30. In osteoarthritis cartilage, D2 protein presence is increased. PMID: 22492780
    31. Common polymorphisms in DIO2 subtly affect the circulating levels of thyroid hormone and modulate thyroid hormone homeostasis. PMID: 22307573
    32. Data suggest that DIO2 expression is increased in dorsocervical subcutaneous brown adipose tissue among patients with HIV lipodystrophy, particularly those with increased visceral adiposity, and is positively associated with energy expenditure. PMID: 22259052
    33. DIO2 modifies inflammatory responses in chondrocytes. PMID: 22353746
    34. The DIO2 gene was genotyped by using five haplotype-tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 157 Chinese mental retardation high-density family pedigrees, including 452 nuclear families and >1460 persons. PMID: 22048657
    35. Variation in DIO2 may have a subtle role in altering metabolic processes that lead to early-onset NIDDM, but this gene does not have a large impact on NIDDM at older ages, nor does DIO2 influence BMI in the Pima Indian population. PMID: 22142372
    36. deiodinase iodothyronine type II is selectively lost during endoplasmic reticulum stress due to an eukaryotic initiation factor 2-mediated decrease in synthesis and sustained proteasomal degradation PMID: 22053000
    37. DIO2 is a novel ALI candidate gene, the nonsynonymous Thr92Ala coding variant of which confers ALI protection. Increased DIO2 expression PMID: 21685153
    38. Our data suggest that the negative feedback of free T4 on TSH is weaker in patients homozygous for the D2-rs12885300 T allele than in wild-type and heterozygous subjects. PMID: 21715540
    39. [REVIEW] discuss the molecular mechanisms by which DIO2 controls intracellular T(3) availability and action PMID: 21292729
    40. D2 activity and mRNA are present in the human preadipocytes from both mesenteric and subcutaneous adipose tissue. PMID: 21323585
    41. The commonly occurring Thr92Ala D2 variant is associated with a decreased rate of acute TSH-stimulated T3 release from the thyroid consistent with a decrease in intrathyroidal deiodination. PMID: 21054208
    42. The D2 Thr92Ala polymorphism is associated with a decreased femoral neck bone mineral density and higher bone turnover. PMID: 20200941
    43. Thigh subcutaneous adipose tissue from subjects with familial partial lipodystrophy 2 has higher DIO2 expression of & activity than abdominal SAT, suggesting that changes in local thyroid hormone metabolism may occur in areas with lipoatrophy. PMID: 20373986
    44. hDIO2 promoter is down-regulated at the transcriptional level by both LXR and RXR signal pathway. PMID: 20176747
    45. Genetic variations of type II deiodinase are associated with bipolar disorder in a subset of a Chinese Han population. PMID: 19427350
    46. Type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase expression is upregulated by the protein kinase A-dependent pathway and is downregulated by the protein kinase C-dependent pathway in cultured human thyroid cells. PMID: 11716036
    47. The effects of TNF-alpha, interleukin-6 and interferon gamma were studied on the activity of type 2,5'-deiodinase and on the binding of [125I] T(4) to proteins in human thyroid cytosolic (supernatant) and membrane (pellet) fractions PMID: 11716958
    48. mutants with a cysteine or serine two-residue amino terminal to the SeC are enzymatically active and displayed similar Michaelis-Menten constant values for T(4) and reverse T(3) as the wild-type D2 enzyme PMID: 11897672
    49. The inhibition by D2 5'UTR is localized to a region of the first short open reading frame encoding a tripeptide-MKG PMID: 12089359
    50. Ubc6p and Ubc7p are required for normal and substrate-induced ubiquitination and proteolysis of D2 PMID: 12198238

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  • 亚细胞定位：
    Membrane; Single-pass membrane protein.
  • 蛋白家族：
    Iodothyronine deiodinase family
  • 组织特异性：
    Isoform 1 is expressed in the lung, trachea, kidney, heart, skeletal muscle, placenta, fetal brain and several regions of the adult brain. Isoform 2 is expressed in the brain, heart, kidney and trachea.
  • 数据库链接：

    HGNC: 2884

    OMIM: 601413

    KEGG: hsa:1734

    UniGene: Hs.202354