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  4. Recombinant Rat Syntaxin-1A (Stx1a)

Recombinant Rat Syntaxin-1A (Stx1a)

  • 货号：
    CSB-CF022895RA
  • 规格：
  • 来源：
    in vitro E.coli expression system
  • 其他：

产品详情

  • 基因名：
  • Uniprot No.：
  • 别名：
    Stx1a; Sap; Syntaxin-1A; Neuron-specific antigen HPC-1; Synaptotagmin-associated 35 kDa protein; P35A
  • 种属：
    Rattus norvegicus (Rat)
  • 蛋白长度：
    full length protein
  • 表达区域：
    1-288
  • 氨基酸序列
    MKDRTQELRTAKDSDDDDDVTVTVDRDRFMDEFFEQVEEIRGFIDKIAENVEEVKRKHSAILASPNPDEKTKEELEELMSDIKKTANKVRSKLKSIEQSIEQEEGLNRSSADLRIRKTQHSTLSRKFVEVMSEYNATQSDYRERCKGRIQRQLEITGRTTTSEELEDMLESGNPAIFASGIIMDSSISKQALSEIETRHSEIIKLENSIRELHDMFMDMAMLVESQGEMIDRIEYNVEHAVDYVERAVSDTKKAVKYQSKARRKKIMIIICCVILGIIIASTIGGIFG
    Note: The complete sequence including tag sequence, target protein sequence and linker sequence could be provided upon request.
  • 蛋白标签：
    N-terminal 10xHis-tagged
  • 产品提供形式：
    Liquid or Lyophilized powder
    Note: We will preferentially ship the format that we have in stock, however, if you have any special requirement for the format, please remark your requirement when placing the order, we will prepare according to your demand.
  • 缓冲液：
    Lyophilized from Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0
  • 储存条件：
    Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 保质期：
    The shelf life is related to many factors, storage state, buffer ingredients, storage temperature and the stability of the protein itself.
    Generally, the shelf life of liquid form is 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. The shelf life of lyophilized form is 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
  • 货期：
    Basically, we can dispatch the products out in 1-3 working days after receiving your orders. Delivery time may differ from different purchasing way or location, please kindly consult your local distributors for specific delivery time.
    Note: All of our proteins are default shipped with normal blue ice packs, if you request to ship with dry ice, please communicate with us in advance and extra fees will be charged.
  • 注意事项：
    Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.
  • Datasheet & COA：
    Please contact us to get it.

产品评价

靶点详情

  • 功能：
    Plays an essential role in hormone and neurotransmitter calcium-dependent exocytosis and endocytosis. Part of the SNARE (Soluble NSF Attachment Receptor) complex composed of SNAP25, STX1A and VAMP2 which mediates the fusion of synaptic vesicles with the presynaptic plasma membrane. STX1A and SNAP25 are localized on the plasma membrane while VAMP2 resides in synaptic vesicles. The pairing of the three SNAREs from the N-terminal SNARE motifs to the C-terminal anchors leads to the formation of the SNARE complex, which brings membranes into close proximity and results in final fusion. Participates in the calcium-dependent regulation of acrosomal exocytosis in sperm. Plays also an important role in the exocytosis of hormones such as insulin or glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1).
  • 基因功能参考文献：
    1. Our results suggest that, as in the CNS, CADM1 interactions drive exocytic site assembly and promote actin network formation. These results support the broader hypothesis that the effects of cell-cell contact on beta-cell maturation and function are mediated by the same extracellular protein interactions that drive the formation of the presynaptic exocytic machinery. These interactions may be therapeutic targets for re... PMID: 27072493
    2. These results indicate that SUMOylation regulates the emerging role of Syntaxin1A in vesicle endocytosis, which in turn, modulates neurotransmitter release and synaptic function PMID: 26635000
    3. Ca(2+)acts as a charge bridge that specifically and reversibly connects multiple syntaxin 1/Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Bisphosphate complexes into larger mesoscale domains. PMID: 26884341
    4. This study showed that association of SP1 and acetylated histone H3 to CPR is important for Stx1a transcription and that HDAC1, HDAC2, and HDAC8 decide cell/tissue specificity in a suppressive manner. PMID: 26391271
    5. The Ca2+-dependent transition in syntaxin 1A (Syx) involves zippering between the membrane-proximal juxtamembrane regions of Syx and VAMP2. PMID: 23641074
    6. Syntaxin-1a is the direct target of miR-29a in insulin-producing beta-cells in response to glucose. PMID: 23315993
    7. Syntaxin facilitated vesicle mobilization to the readily releasable pool, most likely via their roles in endocytosis and/or exocytosis. PMID: 23643538
    8. syntaxin 1 and SNAP-25 cooperate as SNARE proteins to support neuron survival. PMID: 23403573
    9. VAMP2, SNAP25b and syntaxin 1 characterize most cerebellar glutamatergic synapses and only one type of GABAergic synapse. PMID: 22094010
    10. Dysregulation of SNARE complex and syt-1 in prefronal cortex of adult-onset hypothyroidism can be restored by T(4) treatment. PMID: 21646859
    11. Taurine supplementation of low-protein diet rats restored Ach-M3R, Synt1, SNAP-25 protein levels and increased sarcoendoplasmatic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) 3 protein expression in rats on a low-protein diet. PMID: 21543213
    12. Syntaxin 1 binds to Synaptotagmin I electrostatically through C(2)B domain effector region in a Ca(2+)-independent fashion, providing biochemical evidence that synaptotagmin I binds SNARE complexes before Ca(2+) influx into presynaptic nerve terminals. PMID: 22008253
    13. syntaxin 1A H3 domain partially blocks Munc18-1 activation of liposome fusion by occupying the Munc18-1 central cavity PMID: 21900493
    14. Syntaxin1A was rapidly exchanged between synaptic and extrasynaptic regions. Changes in syntaxin1A mobility were associated with interactions related to the formation of the exocytotic complex. PMID: 22131420
    15. syntaxin-1A clustering in membranes is mediated by electrostatic interactions with the strongly anionic lipid phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) PMID: 22020284
    16. the syntaxin 1A N-terminus is the minimal determinant for functional regulation of CaV2.2 and CaV2.3 channels. PMID: 21763275
    17. Data show that low syntaxin and SNAP-25 cleavage could reflect poor expression of a particular Botulinum neurotoxin mutant. PMID: 21401123
    18. Physiological or pathological changes in syntaxin 1A expression may modulate insulin secretion by altering glucose-secretion coupling via changes in ATP-sensitive potassium channel K(ATP) expression. PMID: 21209369
    19. There was a more than 10-fold excess of SNAP-25 over syntaxin-1. PMID: 21076040
    20. Ionic dependence of Ca2+ channel modulation by syntaxin 1A PMID: 11891287
    21. Substrates regulate gamma-aminobutyric acid transporters in a syntaxin 1A-dependent manner PMID: 11960023
    22. Using botulinum toxin to cleave syntaxin 1A, decreased 5HT transporter function. The effect of the toxin was to decrease maximum transport capacity with little change to the affinity of the transporter for 5HT. PMID: 12175857
    23. synaptobrevin 2 forms complexes with the plasma membrane-bound SNAREs syntaxin 1A and SNAP25 to initiate the fusion reaction. PMID: 12177041
    24. Reduction of neurotransmitter release by the exogenous H3 domain peptide of HPC-1/syntaxin 1A in cultured rat hippocampal neurons. PMID: 12183029
    25. syntaxin 1A may contain a G-protein gamma subunit-like domain and dynamically regulates N-type channel function during various steps of exocytosis PMID: 12221094
    26. unique expression and localization of plasma membrane syntaxins which may contribute to the trafficking phenotype of retinal pigment epithelial cells PMID: 12414999
    27. syntaxin 1A is a DAP kinase substrate and uses a novel signal transduction pathway by which syntaxin function is regulated in response to intracellular [Ca2+] and synaptic activity PMID: 12730201
    28. The syntaxin 1A C-terminal membrane-anchoring region, which comprises 23 amino acids, does not traverse the lipid-bilayer and is essential for anchoring of syntaxin 1A to the plasma membrane. PMID: 12761168
    29. co-expression of BKCa channels with syntaxin 1A was observed to enhance channel gating and kinetics at low concentrations of free cytosolic calcium, but not at higher concentrations PMID: 12949219
    30. Atomic force microscopy was used to study recombinant syntaxin 1A in detergent extracts & in a lipid environment. Full-length syntaxin tended to aggregate. Syntaxin lacking its transmembrane region was predominantly monomeric. PMID: 14502428
    31. Syn-1A acts as an endogenous regulator of KATP channels PMID: 14645230
    32. syntaphilin was identified as a molecular clamp that controls free syntaxin-1 and dynamin-1 availability and thereby regulates synaptic vesicle exocytosis and endocytosis. PKA phosphorylation of syntaphilin decreases its binding to syntaxin-1A in vitro. PMID: 14985338
    33. Since syntaxin is known as one of the synaptic molecules involved in the exocytosis of synaptic vesicles, the up-regulation of syntaxin mRNA under hypergravity may reflect synaptic plasticity occurring in the peripheral vestibular system. PMID: 15076716
    34. syntaxin 1A increased voltage-dependent inactivation in Ca2+ channels containing mutant beta2a subunits that cannot be palmitoylated PMID: 15319413
    35. Overexpression of syntaxin-1A inhibits exocytosis, in a manner that can be rescued by either elevating or reducing external calcium, or increasing action potential firing frequency. PMID: 15721169
    36. within the H3 domain of syntaxin 1A is a unique cassette that participates in the binding of the H(+)-ATPase to the apical membrane and confers specificity of syntaxin 1A in the process of H(+)-ATPase exocytosis PMID: 15872013
    37. interaction between myosin-Va and syntaxin-1A is involved in exocytosis PMID: 16030255
    38. Data are consistent with the concept that both syntaxin 1 and SNAP-25 are required for rapid exocytosis in pancreatic beta-cells. PMID: 16720719
    39. results show SNARE nucleation restricted to N-terminal portion; zippering proceeds in an N- to C-terminal direction; synaptobrevin binds rapidly to syntaxin/SNAP-25 acceptor; stabilizing syntaxin/SNAP-25 acceptor by a peptide allowed fast liposome fusion PMID: 16888141
    40. Munc18-1 allows for the formation of a complex between syntaxin and SNAP-25 that serves as an acceptor for vesicle-bound synaptobrevin [Munc18-1] PMID: 17002520
    41. These results support the proposition that taste cell synapses use classical SNARE machinery such as syntaxin-1 for neurotransmitter release in rat circumvallate taste buds. PMID: 17447252
    42. it was shown that plasma membrane clustering of syntaxin 1A can be explained by self-organization based on simple physical principles PMID: 17717182
    43. These data suggest that Syntaxin1A-lipid interactions are a critical determinant of the energetics of Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-Sensitive-Factor Attachment Protein Receptor-catalyzed fusion events. PMID: 18003982
    44. the plasma membrane SNARE syntaxin-1 poorly colocalized with cholera toxin-B (<5%), whereas it highly colocalized (75%) with rPRL in inside-out plasma membrane lawns in lactotrophs PMID: 18556353
    45. These results indicate that PI 4,5-P(2) regulates fusion both as a fusion restraint that syntaxin-1 alleviates and as an essential cofactor that recruits protein priming factors to facilitate SNARE-dependent fusion. PMID: 18644890
    46. Data suggest that during severe sepsis, both the upregulation of syntaxin1A and the downregulation of norepinephrine transporter contribute to increased concentrations of norepinephrine during the early and late stages of sepsis. PMID: 19039652
    47. Here, we have reconstituted syntaxin-1A into lipid model membranes, and we show that syntaxin cluster formation depends on cholesterol in a lipid system. PMID: 19364135
    48. glucose-mediated inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis perturbs lipid raft stability, resulting in a loss of syntaxin 1A from granule docking sites and inhibition of insulin secretion. PMID: 19716806
    49. Syntaxin clusters serve as a mechanism for maintaining reactive SNARE proteins by reducing the overall level of cis-SNARE complexes at low energy costs. PMID: 19793988
    50. Under appropriate conditions a docked state, mediated by trans-SNARE interactions, can be isolated that constitutes an intermediate in the fusion pathway. PMID: 19843696

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  • 亚细胞定位：
    Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle, synaptic vesicle membrane; Single-pass type IV membrane protein. Cell membrane. Cell junction, synapse, synaptosome.
  • 蛋白家族：
    Syntaxin family
  • 组织特异性：
    Expressed predominantly in cerebral cortex, hippocampus, cerebellum, adrenal medulla and retina with weak expression detected in non-neuronal tissues.
  • 数据库链接：

    KEGG: rno:116470

    STRING: 10116.ENSRNOP00000040699

    UniGene: Rn.9943