Rat Somatostatin,SS ELISA Kit

Inhibits the secretion of pituitary hormones, including that of growth hormone/somatotropin (GH1), PRL, ACTH, luteinizing hormone (LH) and TSH. Also impairs ghrelin- and GnRH-stimulated secretion of GH1 and LH; the inhibition of ghrelin-stimulated secretion of GH1 can be further increased by neuronostatin.; May enhance low-glucose-induced glucagon release by pancreatic alpha cells. This effect may be mediated by binding to GPR107 and PKA activation. May regulate cardiac contractile function. May compromise cardiomyocyte viability. In the central nervous system, may impair memory retention and may affect hippocampal excitability. May also have anxiolytic and anorexigenic effects. May play a role in arterial pressure regulation. May inhibit basal, but not ghrelin- or GnRH-stimulated secretion of GH1 or LH, but does not affect the release of other pituitary hormones, including PRL, ACTH, FSH or TSH. Potentiates inhibitory action of somatostatin on ghrelin-stimulated secretion of GH1, but not that on GnRH-stimulated secretion of LH.

1. Results suggest that somatostatin suppresses GABA release from the amacrine cells by inhibiting presynaptic Ca2+ channels, in part through activating sst5/sst2 receptors, a process that is mediated by the intracellular cAMP-PKA signaling pathway PMID: 24846611
2. These results suggest that a local release of somatostatin facilitates the excitability of trigeminal nocicepitve C1 neuronal activity via inhibition of GABAergic neurons PMID: 24321530
3. when activated by SST-14, SSTR2A internalizes and recycles via the Golgi, which requires ECE-1 degradation of SST-14 and receptor dissociation from beta-arrestins PMID: 23913690
4. Helicobacter pylori is capable of inhibiting acid secretion directly as well as indirectly by activating intramural CGRP sensory neurons coupled to stimulation of SST and inhibition of histamine secretion. PMID: 23392237
5. Data suggest that neuronostatin action to reduce food intake and water intake is mediated through melanocortin 3/4 receptors, not through oxytocin receptors. PMID: 20600426
6. both ferret odor exposure and elevated plus maze exposure resulted in increased somatostatin PMID: 22917777
7. This study provides structural evidence that SST immunoreactivity in the pre-BotC is highly expressed in somas, terminals, and primary dendrites, and overlapped with small fusiform NK1R-ir neurons. PMID: 22765158
8. Surviving somatostatin interneurons display increased mRNA levels at late intervals (3 months) after kainic acid-induced epilepsy. PMID: 22437342
9. Neuronostatin, a novel peptide encoded by somatostatin gene, regulates cardiac contractile function and cardiomyocyte survival. PMID: 22170057
10. These findings suggest that somatostatin directly inhibits the activity of rat GnRH neurons through volume transmission in the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis region. PMID: 22147011
11. 5-HT(3) receptor-mediated somatostatin-dependent secretoinhibitory pathway is suppressed in the water-immersion restraint stressed rats PMID: 21291881
12. Pancreatic islet CCK1/2 receptors initiate somatosatin secretion through constitutive secretion controlled at the level of protein synthesis. PMID: 19959964
13. pancreatic release of somatostatin inhibited by ghrelin PMID: 11834435
14. data suggest that methionine enkephalin, neurotensin and somatostatin are released in the caudal trigeminal nucleus after electrical stimulation of the trigeminal ganglion, an experimental model of migraine PMID: 12080490
15. High temperature can affect gastrin, somatostatin and motilin production in the gastric antral mucosa of rats with gastric ulcer. PMID: 12376287
16. The remarkable increase in somatostatin immunoreactivity in the aged rat suprachiasmatic nucleus reveals that not all suprachiasmatic neuropeptidergic systems decline with age, and shows an age-related role for somatostatin in the suprachiasmatic nucleus. PMID: 12470886
17. Data suggest that distention of isolated rat stomach stimulates somatostatin release via cholinergic and non-cholinergic TTX-insensitive pathways, and that these pathways are responsible for distention-induced inhibition of gastrin release. PMID: 12508367
18. antral atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and somatostatin (SST) secretion linked by paracrine feedback pathways: endogenous ANP acting via the NPR-A receptor stimulates SST secretion; endogenous SST acting via the sst2 receptor inhibits ANP secretion PMID: 12527142
19. adrenomedullin, acting via intramural fundic neurons, stimulates somatostatin and thus inhibits histamine and acid secretion PMID: 12573799
20. Presence and cellular localization of somatostatin in the three lipid-containing lacrimal glands of the rat. PMID: 12613892
21. ghrelin secretion from the stomach is regulated by gastric somatostatin PMID: 12615065
22. fasting for 48 hours increases somatostatin synthesis and receptor subtype expression PMID: 12832106
23. Somatostatin is involved in the transcriptional regulation of the GH gene, and that the effect of SRIF is mediated through pertussis toxin-sensitive G protein PMID: 14664705
24. L-glutamate triggers somatostatin secretion from delta-cells by way of the GluR4c-flip receptor under low-glucose conditions. The released somatostatin may complete the feedback inhibition of alpha-cells. PMID: 15220198
25. A second pathway is required to induce changes in srif and sst2 expression, since constitutively active calcineurin alone is not sufficient to induce these changes. PMID: 16000155
26. Somatostatin-immunoreactive terminals particularly targeted intrinsic cardiac neurons that were immunoreactive for calbindin PMID: 16374620
27. These findings suggest that inhibitory inputs from SOM+ interneurons may interact with excitatory inputs to pyramidal cell distal dendrites in the BLa. These interactions might affect synaptic plasticity related to emotional learning. PMID: 17120289
28. only bistratified cells express the neuropeptide somatostatin PMID: 17122364
29. Sex-specific, transient transcription of the somatostatin gene may causally relate to the estrogen-dependent organization of the Sexually Dimorphic Nucleus-Preoptic area. PMID: 17138650
30. The adrenergic system is not involved in producing HISS-dependent insulin resistance in response to hemorrhage. Somatostatin appears to be the hormonal regulator of this response; that the somatostatin derives from a neural origin within the liver PMID: 17202832
31. RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry studies support the presence of somatostatin in rat Kupffer cells. PMID: 17481746
32. our data anticipate the possibility that carboxypeptidase-E, prohormone convertase 1, and prohormone convertase 2 might be potential target for the maturation of somatostatin PMID: 17543468
33. Somatostatin and glucagon pulses were coupled in antisynchronous fashion, supporting the idea that the delta-cells have a local inhibitory effect on glucagon release. PMID: 17628719
34. Present results strongly support the neuroinflammation as a potential factor involved in the age-related degeneration of somatostatin GABAergic cells. PMID: 17666053
35. SS-14 is not involved in the control of the physiologic involution of the thymus, though it induces thymic weight loss through the reduction of true lymphoid tissue; SS-14 modulates thymocytes development and maturation PMID: 17761280
36. Endogenously released somatostatin may induce slow inhibitory postsynaptic currents through the activation of GIRK channels in substantia gelatinosa neurons; this slow synaptic transmission might play an important role in spinal antinociception. PMID: 18356203
37. Taken together, these results provide first evidence that the presence of SST is a unique feature for the selective sparing of medium sized aspiny interneurons in excitotoxicity. PMID: 18483877
38. Data show that SOM neurons in the claustrum do not reveal any significant changes in their numerical density during the postnatal period. PMID: 18598846
39. Inhibitory effect of Sst on prostaglandin E2 synthesis by primary neonatal rat glial cells is reported. PMID: 18619496
40. SST-14 was cointernalized with SSTR3, was uncoupled from receptor, & was sorted into an endocytic degradation pathway, whereas octreotide was recycled as an intact peptide. Chronic stimulation of SSTR3 induced time-dependent downregulation of receptor. PMID: 18702662
41. Somatostatin secretion in perfused rat pancreas by obestatin PMID: 18773927
42. Release of regulatory gut peptides somatostatin, by acid and hyperosmolal solutions in the intestine in conscious rats PMID: 18992283
43. These data support involvement of SRIF2B (SSTR4) receptors in the negative contractile effects of SRIF-14, while one or more of the three SRIF1 receptor subtypes (SSTR2, 3 or 5) may contribute to the positive contractile effects of SRIF-14. PMID: 19088447
44. Somatostatin has no effect on basal and IL-1beta-stimulated PGE(2) release, whereas cortistatin reduced baseline prostanoids production and abolished stimulation elicited by IL-1beta. PMID: 19552966
45. These results provide evidence that somatostatin tonically inhibits the peripheral nerve terminals of small-diameter cutaneous afferent fibers. PMID: 19596279

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Secreted.

Somatostatin family

Somatostatin is detected in neurons throughout the brain, including in the lateral septum, nucleus accumbens, amygdaloid complex, hypothalamic periventricular nucleus, hippocampus, cortex, cerebellum and several brainstem nuclei (at protein level). Neuron

KEGG: rno:24797

STRING: 10116.ENSRNOP00000002519

UniGene: Rn.34418